Zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito graphite zomwe zingakulitsidwe
1. Zipangizo zotsekera zimasakanizidwa ndi graphite ya kaboni yambiri ndi sulfuric acid yokhazikika ndi nitric acid kuti zichiritse acidity, kutentha kenako nkukanikiza ndikupangidwa. Graphite yosinthika yokonzedwa ndi chipangizo chatsopano chotsekera chapamwamba, ndipo ndi mtundu wa nanomaterials zomwe zimakula pamalopo. Poyerekeza ndi rabara ya asbestos ndi zipangizo zina zotsekera zachikhalidwe, ili ndi kupanikizika kwabwino, kulimba, kudzigwirizanitsa, kutsika kwa kachulukidwe ndi zinthu zina zabwino kwambiri, ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kutentha kwambiri, kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndi zinthu zina zovuta zogwirira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Ma graphite plates ndi zigawo zotsekera zopangidwa ndi izo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ndege, makina, zamagetsi, mphamvu ya nyukiliya, petrochemical, mphamvu yamagetsi, kupanga zombo, kusungunula ndi mafakitale ena. Chifukwa ili ndi kulemera kopepuka, conductive, kutentha, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana asidi ndi alkali dzimbiri, kukana bwino, mafuta, plasticity ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala ndi zinthu zina zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimadziwika kuti "mfumu yotsekera" padziko lonse lapansi.
2. Graphite yokulirapo yomwe imapezeka chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri m'munda wa kuteteza chilengedwe ili ndi kapangidwe kabwino ka ma pore komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri okhutiritsa, kotero ili ndi ntchito zambiri zoteteza chilengedwe ndi biomedicine. Kapangidwe ka ma pore a graphite yokulirapo kagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: ma pore otseguka ndi ma pore otsekedwa. Kuchuluka kwa ma pore a graphite yokulirapo ndi pafupifupi 98%, ndipo makamaka ndi ma pore akuluakulu okhala ndi kukula kwa ma pore osiyanasiyana a 1 ~ 10.3 nm. Chifukwa ndi ma macroporous, mesoporous makamaka, kotero ndi activated carbon ndi zinthu zina zazing'onoting'ono zomwe zili mu mawonekedwe a kukhutiritsa ndizosiyana. Ndi yoyenera kukhutiritsa madzi, koma osati kukhutiritsa mpweya. Ndi oleophilic komanso hydrophobic mu kukhutiritsa madzi. Graphite yokulirapo 1 g imatha kukhutiritsa mafuta olemera opitilira 80 g, kotero ndi chinthu chodalirika choteteza chilengedwe poyeretsa kuipitsa mafuta pamwamba pa madzi. Mu mankhwala otayira a makampani a mankhwala, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (mabakiteriya) nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Graphite yotambasuka ndi yonyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, makamaka pochiza mafuta m'madzi oipitsa mamolekyulu achilengedwe. Chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwake kwa mankhwala komanso kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kowonjezereka, ili ndi mwayi wabwino wogwiritsidwa ntchito.
3, mankhwala chifukwa cha graphite yowonjezereka ali ndi makhalidwe a ma macromolecules achilengedwe ndi achilengedwe, ali ndi mwayi wosiyanasiyana wogwiritsidwa ntchito muzinthu zamankhwala.
4, graphite yowonjezera zinthu za batri yokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri ngati chinthu cha batri, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito graphite layer reaction yowonjezereka ya kusintha kwa mphamvu yaulere kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi. Nthawi zambiri graphite yowonjezera imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cathode, lithiamu ngati anode, kapena graphite yowonjezera siliva oxide ngati cathode, zinc ngati anode. Inki ya fluoride ya fossil, graphite acid ndi graphite yowonjezera ya halide zachitsulo monga AuCl3 ndi TiF4 zagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabatire.
5, choletsa moto
Chifukwa cha kukula kwa graphite yotambasuka komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri, graphite yotambasuka imakhala chinthu chabwino kwambiri chotsekera ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mzere wotsekera moto. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: yoyamba ndi kukula kwa zipangizo za graphite ndi zipangizo za rabara, inorganic flame retardant, accelerator, vulcanization agent, reinforcement agent, filler mixing, vulcanization, molding, yopangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mzere wotsekera mphira wotsekera, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa zitseko zamoto, mawindo amoto ndi zina. Mzere wotsekera wotsekera ukhoza kuletsa kutuluka kwa utsi kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto kutentha kwa chipinda ndi moto. Wina ndi galasi fiber band monga chonyamulira, graphite yotambasuka yokhala ndi binder yolumikizidwa pa chonyamulira, guluu wopangidwa ndi zinthu zotentha kwambiri zopangidwa ndi carbon zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi mphamvu yocheka zimatha kuletsa kutsetsereka kwa graphite. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazitseko zamoto, koma singalepheretse kuyenda kwa mpweya wozizira kutentha kwa chipinda kapena kutentha kochepa, kotero iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chotseka kutentha kwa chipinda.
Graphite yowonjezereka yoletsa moto ndi yabwino kwambiri yoletsa moto pazinthu zapulasitiki. Ili ndi makhalidwe osawononga komanso opanda kuipitsa. Imatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zoletsa moto ikagwiritsidwa ntchito yokha kapena kusakanikirana ndi zinthu zina zoletsa moto. Graphite yowonjezereka imatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zomwezo zoletsa moto, kuchuluka kwake ndi kochepa kwambiri kuposa choletsa moto wamba. Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndi iyi: kutentha kwambiri, kukula kwa graphite kumatha kukula mofulumira, kutseka moto, ndipo zinthu zokulitsa graphite zomwe zimapangidwa nazo zimaphimbidwa pamwamba pa substrate, zopatulidwa ku kutentha ndi kukhudzana ndi mpweya; Ma acid radicals omwe ali mu interlayer amatulutsidwa panthawi yokulitsa, zomwe zimathandizanso kuti substrate ipange carbonization, kuti ipeze zotsatira zabwino kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana zoletsa moto.
Chikwama chosayaka moto, chotchinga cha pulasitiki chosayaka moto, mphete yolimbana ndi moto chifukwa graphite yotambasuka kutentha kwambiri imatha kupirira kuwonongeka ndipo imakhala ndi liwiro lalikulu lokulitsa, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati thumba losayaka moto, chotchinga cha pulasitiki chosayaka moto, zigawo za mphete zotsutsana ndi moto muzinthu zotchinga moto zokulitsa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potseka moto (monga: kutseka chitoliro chomangira, chingwe, waya, gasi, chitoliro cha mpweya, chitoliro cha mpweya kudzera m'bowo ndi zina).
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zophimba Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta graphite tomwe timatha kuwonjezeredwa ku zophimba wamba kuti tipange zophimba zabwino zoletsa moto komanso zotsutsana ndi kutentha, ndikuwonjezera kukana kwawo kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana moto. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wopepuka wosayaka womwe umapangidwa mumoto kumatha kuletsa bwino kuwala kwa kutentha kupita ku substrate ndikuteteza bwino substrate. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa graphite ndi kondakitala wabwino wamagetsi, zophimbazo zimatha kuletsa kusonkhanitsa kwa magetsi, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira mafuta, kuti zikwaniritse zotsatira ziwiri zopewera moto ndi magetsi osasinthasintha.
Bolodi loletsa moto, pepala lozimitsa moto lolimbana ndi dzimbiri komanso mbale yolimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri: pansi pa chitsulo chokhala ndi graphite yotha kuchotsedwa, graphite yotha kuchotsedwa ndi chitsulo pakati pa guluu womatira wopangidwa ndi kaboni, graphite yotha kuchotsedwa imakutidwa ndi carbonized protective layer. Kukana dzimbiri, kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kuthamanga kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito nthawi zambiri pa kutentha kochepa. Sichiopa kuzizira mwachangu komanso kutentha mwachangu, ndipo chili ndi coefficient yabwino kwambiri yoyendetsera kutentha. Kutentha kogwirira ntchito ndi -100 ~ 2000 ℃. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ndi kosiyanasiyana, kosavuta kupanga, mtengo wotsika. Kuphatikiza apo, graphite yotha kuchotsedwa pa kutentha kwakukulu, pepala la graphite losindikizidwa, limagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'malo oteteza moto.
