Uburyo bwo kwagura ikoreshwa rya grafiti
1. Ibikoresho byo gufunga bivangwa na grafiti ya karuboni nyinshi na aside sulfuriki nyinshi na aside nitrike kugira ngo bivurwe aside, bivurwe ubushyuhe hanyuma bigakandagirwa. Grafiti yoroshye yateguwe ni ibikoresho bishya byo gufunga bifite imikorere myiza, kandi ni ubwoko bw'ibikoresho bya nanomaterial bihingwa ahantu runaka. Ugereranyije na rubber ya asbestos n'ibindi bikoresho gakondo byo gufunga, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukanda neza, kwihanganira, kwihuza, ubucucike buke n'indi miterere myiza, kandi ishobora gukoreshwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi, kwangirika cyane n'indi mikorere igoye igihe kirekire. Amasahani ya grafiti n'ibice byo gufunga byakozwe nayo bikoreshwa cyane mu kirere, imashini, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ingufu za kirimbuzi, peteroli, ingufu z'amashanyarazi, kubaka amato, gushongesha ibintu n'izindi nganda. Kubera ko ifite uburemere bworoshye, itwara amashanyarazi, itwara ubushyuhe, irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, irwanya aside na alkali, irwanya neza ingese, amavuta meza, irangi ry'ubushyuhe n'imiti n'indi miterere myiza, izwi nka "umwami w'irinda".
2. Graphite ishobora kwaguka iboneka binyuze mu kwagura ubushyuhe bwinshi mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije ifite imiterere myiza y'imyenge n'imikorere myiza yo kuyungurura, bityo ikaba ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha mu kurengera ibidukikije no mu buvuzi. Imiterere y'imyenge ya graphite ishobora kwaguka igabanyijemo amoko abiri: imyenge ifunguye n'imyenge ifunze. Ingano y'imyenge ya graphite ishobora kwaguka ni hafi 98%, kandi ahanini ni imyenge minini ifite ingano y'imyenge ikwirakwizwaho ingano ya 1 ~ 10.3 nm. Kubera ko ari imyenge minini, ahanini idafite imyenge, bityo na karuboni ikora n'ibindi bikoresho bifite imyenge mito mu miterere yo kuyungurura biratandukanye. Ikwiriye kuyungurura mu gice cy'amazi, ariko ntabwo ikoreshwa mu kuyungurura mu gice cy'umwuka. Irakunda oleophilic kandi ntikunda amazi mu gice cy'amazi. Graphite 1g ishobora kwaguka ishobora kwagurura amavuta arenga garama 80, bityo ikaba ari ibikoresho byiza byo kurengera ibidukikije mu gusukura ihumana ry'amavuta ku mazi. Mu gutunganya amazi mabi mu bigo bya shimi, udukoko (bagiteri) dukunze gukoreshwa. Graphite yongerwa ni igikoresho cyiza cyo gutwara mikorobe, cyane cyane mu gutunganya amazi ahumanya ikirere cy’amavuta. Kubera ko ihora ikora neza mu buryo butuma ikoreshwa mu buryo bunoze kandi ishobora kongera gukoreshwa, ifite amahirwe menshi yo kuyikoresha.
3, ubuvuzi buterwa na grafiti ishobora kwaguka bufite imiterere yo kwinjiza ibintu nk'ibinyabutabire bikomoka ku binyabuzima, bufite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoreshwa mu bikoresho by'ubuvuzi.
4, grafiti y'ibikoresho bya bateri bikoresha ingufu nyinshi nk'ibikoresho bya bateri, ni ugukoresha uburyo bwa grafiti y'ibinini bya expanders ihindura ingufu mu ngufu z'amashanyarazi. Akenshi grafiti ishobora kwaguka ikoreshwa nka cathode, lithium nka anode, cyangwa grafiti ikoreshwa nka cathode, zinc nka anode. Wino ya fluoride y'ibisigazwa, aside ya grafiti na grafiti ishobora kwaguka ya halide z'icyuma nka AuCl3 na TiF4 byakoreshejwe muri bateri.
5, ikintu kidakoresha umuriro
Bitewe n’ubushobozi bwo kwaguka kwa grafiti ishobora kwaguka no kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, grafiti ishobora kwaguka iba ibikoresho byiza byo gufunga kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu gice cyo gufunga umuriro. Hari imiterere ibiri y’ingenzi: iya mbere ni ukwaguka kw’ibikoresho bya grafiti n’ibikoresho bya rubber, inorganic fire retardant, accelerator, vulcanization, reinforcement agent, filler mixing, vulcanization, molding, ikozwe mu buryo butandukanye bwa strip ya rubber yo gufunga umuriro, ikoreshwa cyane cyane ku nzugi z’umuriro, amadirishya y’umuriro n’ibindi bihe. Igice cyo gufunga umuriro gishobora kubuza umwotsi kuva ku ntangiriro kugeza ku mpera ku bushyuhe bw’icyumba no ku muriro. Ikindi ni umugozi w’ibirahure kuko icyuma gitwara, grafiti ishobora kwaguka ifite agakoresho ko gufata karubone gafatanye n’icyuma gitwara umuriro, kole ikozwe ku bushyuhe bwinshi itangwa n’imbaraga zo gukata ishobora gukumira neza gutemba kwa grafiti. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane ku nzugi z’umuriro, ariko ntishobora kubuza neza urujya n’uruza rw’umwuka ukonje ku bushyuhe bw’icyumba cyangwa ku bushyuhe buke, bityo igomba gukoreshwa hamwe n’icyuma gifunga ubushyuhe bw’icyumba.
Graphite igabanya umuriro ishobora kwaguka ni nziza mu gukoresha ibikoresho bya pulasitiki. Ifite imiterere yo kudahumanya kandi idafite umwanda. Ishobora kugera ku ngaruka nziza mu gukoresha umuriro iyo ikoreshejwe yonyine cyangwa ivanze n'ibindi bikoresho bigabanya umuriro. Graphite ishobora kwaguka ishobora kugera ku ngaruka imwe mu gukoresha umuriro, ingano yayo ni nto cyane ugereranyije n'ibikoresho bisanzwe bigabanya umuriro. Ihame ryayo ni: iyo ubushyuhe bwinshi bukabije, kwaguka kwa graphite gushobora kwaguka vuba, bikica umuriro, kandi ibikoresho bya graphite biyikomokaho bigapfukwa ku buso bw'ubutaka, bigakurwa ku mirasire y'ubushyuhe n'umwuka wa ogisijeni; aside radicals iri mu gice cy'ubuso irekurwa mu gihe cyo kwaguka, ibyo bikaba binateza imbere carbonization ya substrate, kugira ngo haboneke umusaruro mwiza binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bwo gukoresha umuriro.
Isakoshi idashya, ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bidashya, impeta irwanya umuriro kuko grafiti ishobora kwaguka mu bushyuhe bwinshi ifite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kwangirika kandi ifite igipimo cyo kwaguka cyo hejuru, ishobora gukoreshwa nk'isakoshi idashya, ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bidashya, ibice by'impeta irwanya umuriro mu bikoresho bigabanya umuriro, bikoreshwa mu kuziba inyubako (nk'ibi: kuziba umuyoboro w'ubwubatsi, insinga, insinga, gazi, umuyoboro wa gazi, umuyoboro w'umwuka unyura mu mwobo n'ibindi bihe).
Gukoreshwa mu gusiga Uduce duto twa grafiti dushobora kwaguka dushobora kongerwa ku duce dusanzwe kugira ngo habeho gusiga neza umuriro kandi birwanya static coatings, kandi binoze ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi no kurwanya umuriro. Ubwinshi bw'urumuri rwa karuboni rudashya rwakozwe mu muriro rushobora kuzibira neza imirasire y'ubushyuhe kuri substrate no kurinda substrate neza. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko grafiti ari amashanyarazi meza, gusiga bishobora gukumira electrostatic charge, ikoreshwa mu bigega byo kubika peteroli, kugira ngo bigere ku ngaruka ebyiri zo gukumira inkongi n'amashanyarazi adahindagurika.
Ikibaho cyo kwirinda inkongi, impapuro zirinda ingese n'isahani irinda ubushyuhe bwinshi: mu rufatiro rw'icyuma ruriho urwego rwa grafiti rushobora kwimurwa, urwego rwa grafiti rushobora kwimurwa n'icyuma kiri hagati y'urwego rwa kole ya karuboni, urwego rwa grafiti rushobora kwimurwa rutwikiriwe n'urwego rurinda karuboni. Kurwanya ingese, ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi. Muri icyo gihe, ishobora no gukoreshwa mu bushyuhe buke. Ntitinya gukonjesha vuba no gushyushya vuba, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara ubushyuhe. Ubushyuhe bwo gukora ni -100 ~ 2000 ℃. Uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha, bworoshye gukora, buhendutse. Byongeye kandi, grafiti irashobora kwaguka yaguwe ku bushyuhe bwinshi, impapuro za grafiti zashyizwemo, ikoreshwa no mu bice bikingira inkongi.
