Ihe atụ ojiji graphite a na-agbasa
1. A na-agwakọta ihe mkpuchi ahụ na nnukwu graphite carbon na sulfuric acid na nitric acid maka ọgwụgwọ acidification, ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ wee pịa ma mepụta ya. Graphite a na-agbanwe agbanwe nke a kwadebere bụ ihe mkpuchi ọhụrụ dị elu, ọ bụkwa ụdị ihe ndị a na-akọ na ebe a. E jiri ya tụnyere roba asbestos na ihe mkpuchi ọdịnala ndị ọzọ, ọ nwere ezigbo mkpakọ, iguzogide, njikọ onwe onye, obere njupụta na ihe ndị ọzọ dị mma, enwere ike iji ya na oke okpomọkụ, oke ire ere na ọnọdụ ọrụ siri ike ndị ọzọ ruo ogologo oge. A na-eji efere graphite na ihe mkpuchi ya eme ihe nke ukwuu na mbara igwe, igwe, ngwa eletrọnịkị, ike nuklia, petrochemical, ike eletrik, iwu ụgbọ mmiri, ịgbaze na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. N'ihi na ọ nwere ibu dị mfe, na-eduzi, okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, oke okpomọkụ, iguzogide acid na alkali corrosion, ezigbo iguzogide, mmanụ ọkụ, plasticity na chemical stability na ihe ndị ọzọ dị mma, nke a maara dị ka "eze nke mkpuchi" ụwa.
2. Grafit a na-agbasa nke a na-enweta site na mmụba okpomọkụ dị elu n'ọhịa nke nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi nwere nhazi oghere bara ụba na arụmọrụ adsorption dị mma, yabụ o nwere ọtụtụ ojiji na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na biomedicine. Nhazi oghere nke graphite a na-agbasa kewara n'ụdị abụọ: oghere mepere emepe na oghere mechiri emechi. Olu oghere nke graphite a na-agbasa dị ihe dị ka 98%, ọ bụkwa nnukwu oghere nwere oke nkesa nke 1 ~ 10. 3 nm. N'ihi na ọ bụ nnukwu porous, mesoporous karịsịa, ya mere carbon a na-arụ ọrụ na ihe ndị ọzọ dị na microporous na njirimara adsorption dị iche. Ọ dabara adaba maka adsorption nke mmiri mmiri, mana ọ bụghị maka adsorption nke gas. Ọ bụ oleophilic na hydrophobic na adsorption nke mmiri mmiri. 1 g graphite a na-agbasa nwere ike itinye ihe karịrị 80 g mmanụ dị arọ, yabụ ọ bụ ihe nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na-ekwe nkwa maka ihicha mmetọ mmanụ na elu mmiri. N'ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu nke ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ, a na-ejikarị microorganisms (bacteria) eme ihe. Graphite a na-agbasa agbasa bụ ezigbo ihe na-ebu nje bacteria, ọkachasị n'ọgwụgwọ mmiri nke mmetọ macromolecule organic nke mmanụ. N'ihi ezigbo ike kemịkalụ ya na iji ya eme ihe ọzọ, o nwere ezigbo ohere itinye ya n'ọrụ.
3, ọgwụ sitere na graphite a na-agbasa nwere njirimara adsorption nke macromolecules organic na biological, o nwere ọtụtụ atụmanya ngwa na ihe biomedical.
4, ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe batrị dị elu na-agbasa graphite dị ka ihe batrị, bụ ojiji nke mmeghachi omume oyi akwa graphite nke mgbanwe ike efu ka ọ bụrụ ike eletrik. A na-ejikarị graphite a na-agbasa amụba eme ihe dị ka kathode, lithium dị ka anode, ma ọ bụ graphite a na-agbasa amụba dị ka kathode, zinc dị ka anode. Ejirila ink fluoride fossil, graphite acid na graphite a na-agbasa nke halides ígwè dị ka AuCl3 na TiF4 na batrị.
5, ihe na-egbochi ọkụ
N'ihi otú graphite a na-agbasa agbasa si gbasaa na oke okpomọkụ ya, graphite a na-agbasa agbasa na-aghọ ihe mkpuchi dị mma ma a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ebe a na-etinye ihe mkpuchi ọkụ. E nwere ụdị abụọ bụ isi: nke mbụ bụ mmụba nke ihe graphite na ihe roba, ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ na-adịghị mma, ihe na-eme ka ihe na-agba ọsọ ...
Graphite a na-agbasa nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ bụ ezigbo ihe mgbochi ire ọkụ maka ihe plastik. O nwere njirimara nke na-anaghị egbu egbu na enweghị mmetọ. Ọ nwere ike nweta mmetụta kachasị mma nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ mgbe ejiri ya naanị ya ma ọ bụ gwakọta ya na ihe mgbochi ire ọkụ ndị ọzọ. Graphite a na-agbasa nwere ike nweta otu mmetụta nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ, ọnụọgụ ya pere mpe karịa ihe mgbochi ire ọkụ nkịtị. Ụkpụrụ ọrụ ya bụ: na okpomọkụ dị elu, mgbasawanye nke graphite nwere ike ịgbasa ngwa ngwa, na-eme ka ire ọkụ ghara ịdị, ihe mgbasawanye graphite nke ọ na-emepụta na-ekpuchikwa n'elu ihe mgbochi ahụ, nkewapụrụ site na radieshon okpomọkụ na kọntaktị oxygen; A na-ewepụta radicals acid dị na interlayer n'oge mgbasawanye, nke na-akwalitekwa carbonization nke substrate ahụ, ka o wee nweta ezigbo nsonaazụ site na ọtụtụ ụzọ na-egbochi ire ọkụ.
Akpa anaghị agba ọkụ, ihe mkpuchi plastik, ihe mkpuchi na-agba ọkụ n'ihi na graphite a na-agbasa na okpomọkụ dị elu nwere ike iguzogide mmebi ma nwee oke mgbasawanye, enwere ike iji ya dị ka akpa anaghị agba ọkụ, ihe mkpuchi na-agba ọkụ nke ụdị plastik, ihe mkpuchi na-agba ọkụ nke ihe mkpuchi na-agba ọkụ nke na-agba ọkụ nke ọma, nke a na-eji maka iwuli mkpuchi ọkụ (dịka: mkpuchi paịpụ owuwu, eriri, waya, gas, paịpụ gas, paịpụ ikuku site na oghere na oge ndị ọzọ).
Itinye n'ime mkpuchi Enwere ike itinye obere ihe nke graphite a na-agbasa na mkpuchi nkịtị iji mepụta mkpuchi ọkụ ka mma na nke na-egbochi static, ma melite iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu ha na iguzogide ọkụ. Nnukwu oyi akwa carbon na-anaghị ere ọkụ nke a kpụrụ n'ọkụ nwere ike igbochi radieshon okpomọkụ na substrate nke ọma ma chebe substrate nke ọma. Na mgbakwunye, n'ihi na graphite bụ ezigbo onye na-eduzi eletriki, mkpuchi ahụ nwere ike igbochi mkpokọta chaja electrostatic, nke a na-eji maka tankị nchekwa mmanụ, iji nweta mmetụta abụọ nke mgbochi ọkụ na ọkụ eletrik na-anaghị agbanwe agbanwe.
Mbadamba mgbochi ọkụ, akwụkwọ ọkụ na-eguzogide ire ere na efere na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu: na ntọala ígwè nke ejiri akwa graphite a na-agbasa, oyi akwa graphite a na-agbasa na ntọala ígwè n'etiti oyi akwa agwakọta carbonized, a na-ekpuchi oyi akwa graphite a na-agbasa na oyi akwa nchebe carbonized. Nguzogide ire ere, okpomọkụ dị elu na nguzogide nrụgide dị elu. N'otu oge ahụ, enwere ike iji ya na-adịkarị na obere okpomọkụ. Ọ naghị atụ egwu oyi ngwa ngwa na ikpo ọkụ ngwa ngwa, ọ nwekwara oke njikwa okpomọkụ dị mma. Okpomọkụ ọrụ bụ -100 ~ 2 000 ℃. Ọtụtụ ngwa dị, dị mfe imepụta, dị ọnụ ala. Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikwa graphite a na-agbasa na okpomọkụ dị elu, akwụkwọ graphite a pịrị apị, na ebe mkpuchi ọkụ.
