Cov xwm txheej siv graphite nthuav dav
1. Cov khoom siv sib khi no yog sib xyaw nrog cov graphite uas muaj carbon ntau thiab cov kua qaub sulfuric acid thiab nitric acid rau kev kho acidification, kev kho cua sov thiab tom qab ntawd nias thiab tsim. Cov graphite uas yooj ywm uas tau npaj yog cov khoom siv sib khi tshiab uas ua tau zoo heev, thiab nws yog ib hom nanomaterials uas cog rau hauv qhov chaw. Piv nrog rau cov roj hmab asbestos thiab lwm cov khoom siv sib khi ib txwm muaj, nws muaj kev sib zog zoo, kev ywj pheej, kev sib txuas tus kheej, qhov ceev qis thiab lwm yam zoo heev, thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv qhov kub siab, kev lwj siab thiab lwm yam kev ua haujlwm hnyav rau lub sijhawm ntev. Cov phaj graphite thiab cov khoom sib khi uas nws ua yog siv dav hauv aerospace, machinery, electronics, nuclear energy, petrochemical, hluav taws xob, shipbuilding, smelting thiab lwm yam lag luam. Vim nws muaj qhov hnyav sib dua, conductive, thermal conductivity, kub siab, acid thiab alkali corrosion tsis kam, zoo resilience, lubrication, plasticity thiab tshuaj stability thiab lwm yam zoo heev, hu ua "huab tais ntawm kev sib khi" hauv ntiaj teb.
2. Cov graphite uas nthuav tau los ntawm kev nthuav dav kub hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig muaj cov qauv nplua nuj thiab kev ua tau zoo heev, yog li nws muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab biomedicine. Cov qauv pore ntawm cov graphite nthuav tau muab faib ua ob hom: qhov qhib thiab qhov kaw. Lub qhov ntim ntawm cov graphite nthuav tau yog li 98%, thiab nws yog qhov loj nrog qhov faib tawm ntawm 1 ~ 10.3 nm. Vim tias nws yog macroporous, mesoporous feem ntau, yog li cov yam ntxwv adsorption ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab lwm yam khoom siv microporous sib txawv. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov kua theem adsorption, tab sis tsis yog rau cov roj theem adsorption. Nws yog oleophilic thiab hydrophobic hauv cov kua theem adsorption. 1 g expatable graphite tuaj yeem nqus ntau dua 80 g roj hnyav, yog li nws yog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv ib puag ncig zoo rau kev ntxuav cov roj av qias neeg ntawm dej. Hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab ntawm cov tuam txhab tshuaj lom neeg, cov kab mob me me (kab mob) feem ntau siv. Expandable graphite yog tus nqa khoom zoo microbial, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev kho dej ntawm cov roj organic macromolecule qias neeg. Vim nws muaj kev ruaj khov tshuaj lom neeg zoo thiab rov siv dua tshiab, nws muaj kev cia siab zoo rau kev siv.
3, tshuaj vim yog graphite nthuav dav muaj cov yam ntxwv adsorption ntawm cov organic thiab biological macromolecules, nws muaj ntau yam kev cia siab rau daim ntawv thov hauv biomedical cov ntaub ntawv.
4, cov khoom siv roj teeb muaj zog siab expanders graphite ua cov khoom siv roj teeb, yog kev siv cov txheej txheem expanders graphite hloov pauv lub zog dawb mus rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob. Feem ntau expandable graphite siv ua cathode, lithium ua anode, lossis expandable graphite composite silver oxide ua cathode, zinc ua anode. Fossil fluoride ink, graphite acid thiab expandable graphite ntawm cov hlau halides xws li AuCl3 thiab TiF4 tau siv rau hauv roj teeb.
5, hluav taws kub retardant
Vim yog qhov graphite nthuav dav tau thiab nws tiv taus kub tau zoo, graphite nthuav dav tau ua cov khoom siv zoo heev thiab siv dav hauv cov ntaub thaiv hluav taws. Muaj ob hom tseem ceeb: thawj yog kev nthuav dav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv graphite thiab cov ntaub ntawv roj hmab, cov khoom siv hluav taws tsis muaj zog, cov khoom siv ua kom nrawm, cov khoom siv vulcanization, cov khoom siv txhawb nqa, cov khoom sib xyaw, vulcanization, molding, ua los ntawm ntau yam kev qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntaub thaiv roj hmab nthuav dav, feem ntau yog siv rau cov qhov rooj hluav taws, cov qhov rai hluav taws thiab lwm yam. Cov ntaub thaiv kev nthuav dav tuaj yeem thaiv cov pa luam yeeb txij thaum pib mus txog thaum xaus ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv chav tsev. Qhov thib ob yog cov iav fiber ua tus nqa khoom, graphite nthuav dav nrog cov khoom sib txuas rau ntawm tus nqa khoom, cov nplaum tsim ntawm cov khoom siv carbonized kub siab los ntawm lub zog shear tuaj yeem tiv thaiv graphite swb. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau cov qhov rooj hluav taws, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem thaiv cov pa roj txias ntawm qhov kub lossis txias qis, yog li nws yuav tsum siv nrog cov khoom siv sealant kub hauv chav tsev.
Cov graphite uas tiv taus hluav taws kub tau nthuav dav yog cov khoom siv hluav taws kub zoo rau cov khoom siv yas. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab tsis muaj kuab paug. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws thaum siv ib leeg lossis sib xyaw nrog lwm cov tshuaj tiv taus hluav taws kub. Graphite uas nthuav dav tau tuaj yeem ua tiav tib yam kev cuam tshuam hluav taws kub, qhov ntau tsawg dua li cov tshuaj tiv taus hluav taws kub ib txwm. Nws lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog: thaum kub siab, qhov nthuav dav ntawm graphite tuaj yeem nthuav dav sai, ua rau nplaim taws tuag, thiab cov khoom siv graphite nthuav dav uas nws tsim tawm tau npog rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub substrate, cais tawm ntawm cov hluav taws xob thermal thiab kev sib cuag nrog oxygen; Cov kua qaub radicals hauv cov txheej txheem nthuav dav raug tso tawm thaum lub sijhawm nthuav dav, uas kuj txhawb nqa carbonization ntawm lub substrate, yog li ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev tiv taus hluav taws kub.
Lub hnab tiv taus hluav taws, cov khoom siv yas tiv taus hluav taws, lub nplhaib tiv taus hluav taws vim tias cov graphite nthuav dav hauv qhov kub siab muaj peev xwm tiv taus kev puas tsuaj thiab muaj qhov nrawm nthuav dav siab, tuaj yeem siv ua lub hnab tiv taus hluav taws, cov khoom siv yas tiv taus hluav taws, lub nplhaib tiv taus hluav taws hauv cov khoom siv nthuav dav zoo, siv rau kev kaw hluav taws hauv tsev (xws li: kaw cov yeeb nkab tsim kho, cable, hlau, roj, yeeb nkab roj, yeeb nkab cua los ntawm qhov thiab lwm yam).
Kev siv rau hauv cov txheej txheej Cov khoom me me ntawm graphite nthuav dav tuaj yeem ntxiv rau hauv cov txheej txheej ib txwm kom tsim tau cov nplaim taws zoo dua thiab cov txheej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, thiab txhim kho lawv qhov kev tiv taus kub siab thiab kev tiv thaiv hluav taws. Cov txheej txheem carbon uas tsis kub hnyiab uas tsim los ntawm hluav taws tuaj yeem thaiv cov cua sov mus rau lub substrate thiab tiv thaiv lub substrate zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim graphite yog tus neeg coj hluav taws xob zoo, cov txheej txheej tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob electrostatic, siv rau cov tso tsheb roj av, kom ua tiav ob qho txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab hluav taws xob static.
Rooj tsav xwm tiv thaiv hluav taws, daim ntawv hluav taws uas tiv taus xeb thiab kub siab: hauv lub hauv paus hlau uas muaj txheej graphite uas nthuav tau, txheej graphite uas nthuav tau thiab lub hauv paus hlau nruab nrab ntawm cov txheej nplaum carbonized, txheej graphite uas nthuav tau yog npog nrog txheej tiv thaiv carbonized. Tiv taus xeb, kub siab thiab siab siab. Tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj siv tau ib txwm ntawm qhov kub qis. Nws tsis ntshai txias sai thiab cua sov sai, thiab muaj cov coefficient conduction cua sov zoo heev. Qhov kub ua haujlwm yog -100 ~ 2 000 ℃. Ntau yam kev siv, yooj yim tsim, pheej yig. Tsis tas li ntawd, graphite nthuav tau nthuav dav ntawm qhov kub siab, ntawv graphite nias, kuj siv rau hauv qhov chaw rwb thaiv hluav taws.
