Izimo ezinwebekayo zokusetshenziswa kwe-graphite
1. Izinto zokuvala zixubene ne-carbon graphite ephezulu kanye ne-concentrated sulfuric acid ne-nitric acid yokwelashwa kwe-acidification, ukwelashwa kokushisa bese icindezelwa futhi kwakheka. I-graphite eguquguqukayo elungiselelwe iyinto entsha yokuvala ukusebenza okuphezulu, futhi iwuhlobo lwama-nanomaterials atshalwe ku-situ. Uma kuqhathaniswa nerabha ye-asbestos nezinye izinto zokuvala zendabuko, inokucindezelwa okuhle, ukuqina, ukuzibophezela, ukuminyana okuphansi nezinye izici ezinhle kakhulu, futhi ingasetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphezulu, ukubola okuphezulu kanye nezinye izimo zokusebenza eziqinile zepuleti ezenziwe nge-seal isikhathi eside. esetshenziswa kabanzi ku-aerospace, imishini, i-electronics, amandla enuzi, i-petrochemical, amandla kagesi, ukwakha imikhumbi, ukuncibilikisa kanye nezinye izimboni.Ngoba inesisindo esincane, i-conductive, i-thermal conductivity, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-asidi kanye ne-alkali, ukuqina okuhle, ukugcotshwa, ipulasitiki nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali nezinye izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu, ezaziwa ngokuthi "izwe lezwe".
2. I-graphite enwebekayo etholakala ngokunwetshwa kokushisa okuphezulu emkhakheni wokuvikelwa kwemvelo inesakhiwo esicebile se-pore kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwe-adsorption, ngakho-ke inokusetshenziswa okubanzi ekuvikelweni kwemvelo kanye ne-biomedicine.Isakhiwo se-pore se-graphite enwebekayo sihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: i-pore evulekile kanye ne-pore evaliwe. Umthamo wembotshana wegraphite enwebekayo ucishe ube ngu-98%, futhi ikakhulukazi imbotshana enkulu enobubanzi bokusabalalisa usayizi wembotshana ongu-1 ~ 10. 3 nm. Ngoba iyi-macroporous, mesoporous ikakhulukazi, ngakho-ke kanye nekhabhoni ecushiwe nezinye izinto ezincane ezinezici ze-adsorption zihlukile. i-hydrophobic in liquid phase adsorption.1 g expatable graphite can adsorb more than 80 g oil heavy, ngakho-ke iyimpahla ethembisayo yokuvikela imvelo yokuhlanza ukungcoliswa kwamafutha emanzini.Ekulapheni kwamanzi angcolile amabhizinisi amakhemikhali, ama-microorganisms (amabhaktheriya) avame ukusetshenziswa. I-graphite enwebekayo iyisithwali esihle se-microbial, ikakhulukazi ekwelashweni kwamanzi kokungcoliswa kwe-organic macromolecule kawoyela. Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuhle kwamakhemikhali nokusetshenziswa kabusha okuvuselelekayo, inethuba elihle lokufaka isicelo.
3, umuthi ngenxa yegraphite enwebekayo unezici ze-adsorption zama-organic and biological macromolecules, unezinhlobonhlobo zamathemba okusebenza ezintweni eziphilayo.
I-4, impahla yebhethri ephezulu yamandla i-graphite njengento yebhethri, ukusetshenziswa kwe-expander graphite layer reaction of free energy change ibe amandla kagesi.I-graphite enwebekayo ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njenge-cathode, i-lithium njenge-anode, noma i-graphite enwebekayo eyinhlanganisela ye-oxide yesiliva njenge-cathode, i-zinc njenge-anode.Fossil fluoride inki, i-graphite ye-asidi ye-AuC kanye ne-graphite ye-asidi ye-AuC ibe ne-AuC yensimbi enwebekayo esetshenziswa kumabhethri.
5, isicishamlilo
Ngenxa yokwandiswa kwe-graphite enwebekayo kanye nokumelana kwayo nokushisa okuphezulu, i-graphite enwebekayo iba yinto enhle kakhulu yokuvala futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi emgqeni wokuvala umlilo.Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: eyokuqala ukunwetshwa kwezinto ze-graphite nezinto zenjoloba, i-inorganic flame retardant, i-accelerator, i-ejenti ye-vulcanization, i-ejenti yokuqinisa, i-ejenti yokuqinisa, i-ejenti yokugcwalisa, i-ejenti yokugcwalisa, i-ejenti yokugcwalisa Umucu wenjoloba wokunwebeka, osetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi iminyango yomlilo, amawindi omlilo nezinye izikhathi.Umugqa wokuvala wokwandisa ungavimba ukugeleza kwentuthu kusukela ekuqaleni kuye ekugcineni endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni kanye nomlilo.Okunye ibhande lengilazi lefiber njengesithwali, igraphite enwebekayo enesibopho esiboshelwe kusithwali, ingcina eyenziwe ekushiseni okuphezulu kwekhabhonithi esetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ivimbela ukucisha umlilo. iminyango, kodwa ayikwazi ukuvimba ngempumelelo ukugeleza kwegesi ebandayo ye-flue ekamelweni lokushisa noma izinga lokushisa eliphansi, ngakho-ke kufanele lisetshenziswe nge-sealant yegumbi lokushisa.
I-graphite enwebekayo ene-flame retardant iyi-flame retardant enhle yezinto zepulasitiki. Inezici zokungewona ubuthi nokungangcoli. Ingakwazi ukufeza umphumela ofanele wokunqanda ilangabi uma isetshenziswa iyodwa noma ixubene nezinye izinto ezivimbela ilangabi.I-graphite enwebekayo ingafinyelela umphumela ofanayo wokunqanda ilangabi, inani lincane kakhulu kune-flame retardant evamile.Umgomo wayo wesenzo uthi: ekushiseni okuphezulu, ukunwetshwa kwe-graphite kungakhula ngokushesha, ukuminyanisa ilangabi, futhi i-substrate imbozwe yi-substrate. ehlukene nemisebe eshisayo kanye nokuthintana komoya-mpilo;Ama-asidi e-radicals ku-interlayer akhululwa ngesikhathi sokunwetshwa, okubuye kukhuthaze ukukhishwa kwe-carbonization ye-substrate, ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela emihle ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuvimbela ilangabi.
Isikhwama esingashisi umlilo, uhlobo lwepulasitiki oluvimbela umlilo, indandatho yokumelana nomlilo ngoba i-graphite enwebekayo ekushiseni okuphezulu inamandla okumelana nomonakalo futhi inezinga eliphezulu lokunweba, ingasetshenziswa njengesikhwama esingashisi umlilo, insimbi yokumelana nomlilo, izingxenye zendandatho yokumelana nomlilo ekukhuliseni okusebenzayo kwelangabi, okusetshenziselwa ukwakha uphawu lomlilo (njengokuthi: ukuvala ipayipi lokwakha ipayipi, ipayipi lomoya, i-gas, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, igesi, ipayipi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, ipayipi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, igesi, ipayipi, ipayipi, igesi, igesi. izikhathi).
Isicelo ezimbotsheni Izinhlayiya ezinhle ze-graphite ezinwebekayo zingengezwa ezimbotsheni ezijwayelekile ukuze kukhiqizwe kangcono i-flame retardant kanye ne-anti-static coatings, futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokumelana nomlilo.Isamba esikhulu sokukhanya okungashisi i-carbon layer esakhiwe emlilweni singavimbela ngokuphumelelayo imisebe yokushisa ku-substrate futhi ivikele ngempumelelo i-substrate.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba i-graphite yokushaja ingakwazi ukuvimbela i-electrotic conductor enhle. ukunqwabelana, okusetshenziselwa amathangi okugcina uphethiloli, ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela ombaxambili wokuvimbela umlilo nogesi omile.
Ibhodi lokuvimbela umlilo, ipuleti elimelana nokugqwala kwephepha lomlilo kanye nepuleti elimelana nokushisa okuphezulu: esisekelweni sensimbi esifakwe ungqimba lwegraphite olunwebekayo, ungqimba lwegraphite olunwebekayo kanye nesisekelo sensimbi phakathi kongqimba lwe-adhesive carbonized, ungqimba lwegraphite olunwebekayo lumbozwe ungqimba oluvikelayo lwe-carbonized.Ukumelana nokubola, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu.Ngasikhathi sinye, ingasetshenziswa futhi ngokujwayelekile ekushiseni okuphansi. Ayikwesabi ukupholisa okusheshayo nokushisa okusheshayo, futhi ine-coefficient yokuqhuba ukushisa okuhle kakhulu. Ukushisa okusebenzayo kungu-100 ~ 2 000 ℃.Uhlu olubanzi lwesicelo, kulula ukwenza, izindleko eziphansi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-graphite enwebekayo yanda ekushiseni okuphezulu, iphepha elicindezelwe le-graphite, libuye lisetshenziswe ezindaweni zokushisa umlilo.
