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Mu ntchitoyi, ma coossites a RGOVI / NZVVI adapangidwa nthawi yoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta komanso yachilengedwe yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito tsamba la salhora ngati ma chemistry ", monga kaphatikizidwe ka mankhwala kobiriwira. Zida zingapo zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kapangidwe kake ka gulu la akatswiri, Edx, Xps, Ftir, ndi Zeta, zomwe zimawonetsa chidwi chopambana. Kuchotsa kuthekera kwa bukuli ndi NZVI yoyera yoyambira poyambira antibiotic doxycycline idafanizidwa kuti ifufuze zotsatira za Rgo ndi nzvi. Mothandizidwa ndi 25mg l-1, 25 ° C ndi 0.05g, kuchotsedwa kwa madontho 90%, ndikutsimikizira kuti NZVVI ndi RGO. Njira ya Adsorption imafanana ndi lamulo lachiwiri la pseudo ndipo lili ndi mgwirizano wabwino ndi mawonekedwe a Freundich omwe ali ndi ma adsorrapt okwanira 31.61 mg g-1 pa 25 ° Kuphatikiza apo, kusokonekera kwa RGO / NZVI Cornosute inali 60% pambuyo pazinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi motsatizana.
Kuchepa kwa madzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa madzi tsopano kuwopsa kwa mayiko onse. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuipitsa kwamadzi, makamaka kuwonongeka kwa maantibayotiki, kwachulukitsa chifukwa cha kuchuluka ndi kupanga kophikira-14 ndi gawo la 19,3. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwaukadaulo wogwira mtima chifukwa chochotsa maantibayotiki mu madzi owononga ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zopangidwa ndi zigawo zopangidwa ndi zigawo za tetracycline ndi doxycycline (DC) 4,5. Zanenedwa kuti zotsalira za DC mumadzi apansi panthaka sizingapangidwe, 20-50% ndizomwe zimapangidwira ndipo zotsalazo zimatulutsidwa mu chilengedwe, ndikupangitsa mavuto ambiri azachilengedwe komanso azaumoyo.
Kuwonekera kwa DC pamiyendo yotsika kumatha kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda am'madzi, kumawopseza kufalikira kwa mabakiteriya a antimickial, ndikuwonjezera kukana kwa anticticborial, motero mawonekedwe a mankhwalawa amayenera kuchotsedwa ku madzi onyansa. Kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe kwa DC m'madzi ndi njira yochepetsetsa kwambiri. Njira zamankhwala monga Photolysis, biodegradgetion ndi adsorption imatha kungochotsa kutsika kochepa komanso kutsika pang'ono7,8. Komabe, chuma chosavuta kwambiri, chosavuta, chilengedwe, chosavuta kuthana ndi njira yabwino ndi ADSORESHRES9,10.
Chitsulo cha Nano Valent Iron (NZVVI) ndi zinthu zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zimatha kuchotsa mankhwala ambiri kuchokera kumadzi, kuphatikiza metronidazole, diazepam, Chlofloxacin, chloraplinel, ndi tetracycline. Kutha kuchitika chifukwa cha zinthu zodabwitsa zomwe nzvi watero, monga kufupika kwambiri, malo akuluakulu, komanso malo omanga maimidwe apanja akunja. Komabe, Nzvi imakonda kuphatikizika m'matumbo a van der asses amphamvu ndi maginito akuluakulu, omwe amachepetsa mphamvu yake popanga NZIVI10,12. Kukula kwa tinthu tambiri kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndikusintha mawonekedwe awo ndi zowonjezera kapena powaphatikiza ndi ma nanomatadials ena mu mawonekedwe a chilengedwe.
Graphene ndi kaboni kawiri katatu-yopangidwa ndi kaboni kaboni ma carbon omwe amapangidwa mu chimbudzi cha uchi. Ili ndi malo akuluakulu, mphamvu yofunikira yamagetsi, yopanga ma electocatortics apamwamba kwambiri, mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, oyenda bwino elekitoni yosunthika kuti ithandizire nanoparticles pansi. Kuphatikiza kwa zitsulo nanoparticles ndi graphene zimatha kupitirira kwambiri mapindu ake a zinthu chilichonse komanso, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwakuthupi kwamunthu komanso chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwakuthupi komanso kwa mankhwala, kumaperekanso mphamvu mokwanira kwa ma nanoparticles okwanira ku mankhwalawa abwino kwambiri a nanoparticles.
Zomera zobzala ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yochitira mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga graphene otsika (RGGO) ndi chilengedwe, ndipo chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati othandizira. Monga ma Flavonoids ndi Phenolic mankhwala nawonso amachitanso ngati chokhazikika. Chifukwa chake, Atriplex Halitalis L. Tsamba la masamba lidagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yokonza ndi kutseka kwa kapangidwe ka RGO / NZVI mu kafukufukuyu. Atriplex Halichus Ochokera ku Banja Amararaceae ndi shrub yokonda nayirgen yopanda ma geographic osiyanasiyana16.
Malinga ndi mabuku omwe alipo, Atriplex Halitalis (A. Halitus) adagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga rogo / nzvi ma composites ngati njira yachuma komanso yodzikongoletsera. Chifukwa chake, cholinga cha ntchitoyi chili ndi magawo anayi: (1) phytosynthesis a RGGO / NZIAL NZERVATION PROIVATION ya RGGORDESS FOSCENTE AD Doxycycline maantibayotiki pansi pa magawo osiyana siyana, ikani zofunikira za Adsorption njira, (3) kufufuza zinthu zophatikizira m'mankhwala osiyanasiyana osungira pambuyo pokonza.
Doxycycline hydrochloride (DC, mm = 480.90, mapangidwe a mankhwala c22h24Na, 97%), USA. Sodium hydroxide (Naoh, 97%), ethanol (C2h5oh, 99.9%) ndi hydrochloric acid (HCL, 37%) adagulidwa ku Merck, USA. Nacl, KCL, CCL2, Mncl2 ndi mgcl2 adagulidwa ku Tiajin Cruio Reagent Countain Co., Ltd. Ma rement onse ndi oyera kwambiri. Madzi osungunuka kawiri adagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza mayankho onse am'madzi.
Oyimira a Haliduus atengedwa ku malo awo achilengedwe mu Nile Delta ndi kumayiko ena m'mbali mwa gombe la Mediterranean la Egypt. Zomera zidasonkhanitsidwa molingana ndi malangizo apadziko lonse lapansi ndi apadziko lonse lapansi. Prof. Manal Fawzi adazindikira zojambulajambula molingana ndi ma boulos18, ndi dipatimenti ya sayansi ya chilengedwe za Alexandria Universions mitundu yazomera zasayansi. Ma Vouches amasungidwa ku yunivesite ya Tanta University Herbachium (tane), ma vnouchers nos. 1422-14 127, Herbaimu yapagulu yomwe imapereka mwayi wokhala ndi zida zosungidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchotsa fumbi kapena dothi, dulani masamba a chomera kukhala tating'onoting'ono, muzimutsuka katatu ndi Madzi osungunuka, kenako ndikuwuma pa 50 ° C. Chomera chinaphwanyidwa, 5 g wa ufa wabwino unamizidwa mu 100 ml ya madzi osungunuka ndikusunthidwa 70 ° C kwa 20 min kuti ipeze gawo. Kutulutsa kwa bacillus nicotianae kunasefedwa kudzera pa pepala la whatinase ndikusungidwa mu machubu oyera ndi osawinda pa 4 ° C kuti mugwiritsenso ntchito.
Monga taonera pa Chithunzi 1, pitani kunapangidwa kuchokera ku ufa graphite ndi njira yosinthidwa a Hummers. 10 mg ya ufa umabalalika mu 50 ml ya madzi owona kwa 30 min pansi pa sonication, kenako 0.9 g ya Fecl3 ndi 2.9 g ya Naac adasakanizidwa kwa mphindi 60. 20 ml ya Marriplex tsamba liwiro lidawonjezeredwa ku yankho losangalatsa ndi losangalatsa ndikusiyidwa pa 80 ° C kwa maola 8. Kuyimitsidwa kwakuda kunasefedwa. Nanocomposites okonzekereratu adatsukidwa ndi ethanol ndi madzi osinthika kenako zouma mu uvuni wa 50 ° C kwa maola 12.
Zithunzi zosaneneka komanso digito za synthesis zobiriwira za RGO / NZVI ndi NZVI ndi kuchotsedwa kwa maantibayotiki a DC kuchokera ku madzi oipitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito matriplex kuchotsa.
Mwachidule, monga tikuwonetsera mkuyu. 1, 10 ml ya chilala cha chilala chokhala ndi mamita 0,0,000, 15,000, 15,000 wowuma uvuni pa 60 ° C. Usiku.
Zomera zomera / NZVVI ndi Nzvi ndi NZVVI zowoneka ndi UV-T80 Series UV / T.E Spectophotometers, zida za PG LTD, UK NM. Kuti tisanthule toyambitsa ndi kufalitsa kwa RGO / NZVI ndi NZVVI STEFOSOSOPY (Joel, Jem-2100f, magetsi a voli) adagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti muwunike magulu omwe angagwire ntchito zobzala zomwe zimayambitsa kuchira ndi kukhazikika, Ft-Ir Spectroscopy adachitika (Jasco Spectrometer Mitundu ya 4000-600). Kuphatikiza apo, makina a Zeta a Zeta alf (Zetasizer Nano ZS Diven) adagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzira kuyang'anira kwa ma nanomasiadium. Kwa masinthidwe a X-ray a ufa wa ufa wa ufa, ma x-ray syfractometer (x'ptlands) adagwiritsidwa ntchito Mphamvu yobalalitsa x-raymeter (Edx) (Model Jeol JSM-iS100) Exechrometic X-Spend Spectum Spectrum ndi 2000 ndi yopapatiza. Chitsanzo cha ufa chimakanikizidwa pamunsi pa zitsanzo, zomwe zimayikidwa m'chipinda cha vacuum. A C 1 S Spectrum idagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza za 284.58 kuti mudziwe mphamvu zomanga.
Kuyeserera kwa Adsors kunachitika kuti ayesere mphamvu ya masikono a RGO / NZVI nanocomposites pochotsa Doxycycline (DC) kuchokera pamankhwala am'madzi. Kuyeserera kwa Adsorption kunachitika mu 25 ml erlenmeyer flatsks pa liwiro la 200 rpm pa shakeker shaker (stuart, ma shaker shaker / ssl1) pa 298 k. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa RGO / NSVI pa njira yoyeserera, nanocomposites yosiyanasiyana (0,01-0.07 g) idawonjezedwa mpaka 20 ml ya DC. Kuti muphunzire kinetics ndi Adsorption Assotherms, 0,05 g wa Adsorbent idamizidwa mu mankhwala osokoneza bongo a CD ndi Exption L-1). Mphamvu ya PH pa kuchotsedwa kwa DC idaphunziridwa pa pH (3-11) ndi zoyambirira zoyambirira za 50 mg l-1 pa 25 ° C. Sinthani PH ya kachitidwe ka HCL kapena Naoh yankho (a Naoh Puter (Proson Ph Mita, PH 25). Kuphatikiza apo, kukopa kwa kutentha kwa kutentha pa zoyeserera za 25-55 ° C idafufuzidwa. Zotsatira za Mphamvu ya Ionic Pa njira ya Adsorption idaphunzitsidwa powonjezera magawo osiyanasiyana a nacl (0,5-5 LA) Poyamba kukhazikika kwa DC ya 50 mg l-1. Adsorption wa DC yopanda ADSORBED DC idayeza mtengo wa UV-WEPEPOphotometer (T70 / T80 Merk, UK Kuchotsa kwa mapangidwe a DC maantibayotiki (R%; eq. 1) ndi kuchuluka kwa DC, QT, EQ. 2 (mg / g) adayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito equation iyi.
Komwe kuli kanthu kanthawi kochepa kwa DC (%), co ndiye woyamba dc ndende nthawi 0, ndipo c ndi dc ndende pa nthawi t, motsatana (mg l-1).
Komwe QE ndi kuchuluka kwa DC Adsorbed pa unit misa ya Adsorbent (mg g-1), CE ndi CE ndi njira yothetsera vuto (g).
Zithunzi za Sem (nkhuyu. 2A-c) Onetsani Lamellalogy ya RGO / NZVI imapanga ndi zitsulo zazikazi za nanoparticles ophatikizika pamwamba pake, zikuwonetsa kupambana kwa nzvi nspo. Kuphatikiza apo, pali makwinya ena mu tsamba loyambira, kutsimikizira kuchotsa kwa magulu ochulukitsa oxygen, okhala ndi nthawi imodzi ndikubwezeretsa a A. Halidus Pitani. Mawinki akuluakulu awa amakhala ngati malo ogwiritsira ntchito zitsulo za nps. Zithunzi za NZVI (mkuyu. 2d-f) adawonetsa kuti NPs Iron NPP idabalalika kwambiri ndipo sizinaphatikizidwe, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chazovala za botanical zomwe zimatulutsa. Kukula kwa tinthu kosiyanasiyana mkati mwa 15-26 nm. Komabe, zigawo zina zimakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi zikwangwani ndi zikwangwani, chifukwa zimatha kuyambitsa vuto lalikulu la nzvi, chifukwa zimatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa nzvi, chifukwa amatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mamolekyu a DC padziko lapansi pa NZVVI. Pamene Rosa Damasiko atagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kaphatikizidwe wa nzvi, zomwe zidapezeka nspomogeneous, wokhala ndi voids ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, omwe adachepetsa mphamvu yawo mu CR (VI) ADSORORESS STADREST ndikuwonjezera nthawi 23. Zotsatira zake ndizogwirizana ndi NZVVI Conntcome kuchokera ku Oak ndi Masamba a mabulosi, omwe makamaka ndi ma nanomer ma nanometer osaneneka.
Zithunzi za RGO / NZVVI (AC), NZVVI (D, e) ma composens a NZVI / RGO (g) ma costos.
Kupanga kwanyengo kwa RGO / NZVI ndi NZVVI kumaphunziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito Edx (mkuyu. 2g, H). Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti NZVVI imapangidwa ndi kaboni (38.29% pogwiritsa ntchito misa), oxygen (47.4) ndi Misa), koma zinthu zina monga Misa), zomwe zitha kupezeka kuchokera kuzomera. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa kaboni ndi mpweya kumachitika chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa phytochemicaticals kuchokera ku zomera za zobzaka mu subvisface zitsanzo za NZVI. Zinthu izi zimagawidwa kwambiri pa RGO koma mu ratios osiyanasiyana: c (39.16 wt%), O (46.98 wt%) CU: O radio ndi zitsulo mu RGO / NZVI CARIFIFER A. Halitus ndibwino kuposa momwe Eucalyptus St.%), O (8.27 wt.%). wt%) 25. Natana et al.
Morphoology of nzvi adapanga zomera (mkuyu. S2a, b) anali osakhazikika, osagwirizana ndi tiar a van 3.54 NTHAWI ZONSE. Mawonekedwe a glanular ndi ozungulira ali pachigwirizano chabwino ndi zotsatira za sem. Cholinga chomwe chofananachi chidapezeka ndi Abdelfatah et al. Mu 2021 pomwe tsamba la nyemba za nyemba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kaphatikizidwe wa Nzvi11. Ruelas Tuberosa Leaf amatulutsa NPS yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yochepetsera mu Nzvi ilinso ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi 20 mpaka 40 NM26.
Hybrid RGO / NZVI imagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi (mkuyu. S2C-D) adawonetsa kuti RGO ndi ndege yoyambira ndi makwinya omwe amapereka masamba ambiri a NZVI; Ma morloology awa amatsimikiziranso kuphatikizika kwa RGGO. Kuphatikiza apo, nzvi nps ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuchokera ku 5.32 mpaka 27 nm ndipo zimaphatikizidwa mu rogo wosanjikiza wokhala ndi diviiform yunifolomu. Eucalyptus Tsamba Constact idagwiritsidwa ntchito kapangidwe ka HOS NPS / RGGO; Zotsatira zake zimatsimikiziranso kuti makwinya a RGA amawongolera obalalika amagetsi ochulukirapo kuposa ma zps oyera ndikukulitsa ndalama za akatswiri. Zotsatira zofananira zimapezeka ndi Barriri et al. 28 Pamene kuphatikizidwa kunagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira za akupanga ndi kukula kwa ma nanoparticle kukula kwa pafupifupi 17.70 nm.
Spectra ya Ftir ya A. Halidus, Nzvi, pitani, RGO, ndi RGO / NZVVI Composites ikuwonetsedwa mu nkhuyu. 3a. Kukhalapo kwa magulu ogwira ntchito kumasamba a A. Halidus amapezeka ali pa 3336 masentimita-1, omwe amafanana ndi ma polyphenols, ndi 1244 masentimita. Magulu ena monga ma Alkanes pa 2918 masentimita-1, Askenes pa 1647 masentimita-1 ndi Co-1 ndi omwe adawonedwa, 1 Mwambiri, NZVVI Spectra imawonetsa ma cyspy poyerekeza ngati shuga owawa, koma ndi malo osinthika pang'ono. Gulu lalikulu limawoneka ngati 3244 cm-1 yolumikizidwa ndi kuluka kwa oh ndi 1190 cm-1, motero. Magulu a FTIr amawonetsa kukhalapo kwa magulu ambiri okhala ndi mpweya wabwino kwambiri, kuphatikizapo gulu la alkoxy (co) mabatani pa 1041 cm-1, 1 cm-1 c = o. Gulu la C = C BURIBUTS PA 1619 masentimita-1, gulu la 1708 masentimita-1 ndi gulu la oh. Poyerekeza RGA ndi RGO / NZVVI imapanga magulu a mpweya, monga oh270 cm-1, pomwe cm-1, amachepetsa kwathunthu. Anasowa, kuwonetsa kuti zinthu zothetsera mpweya wabwino zimakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito a A. Halitus Tingafinye. Zovuta zatsopano za RGGO ku C = C Misampha imawonedwa pafupifupi 1560 ndi 1405 cm-1, yomwe imatsimikizira kuti achepetse ku RGGO. Kusintha kuchokera ku 1043 mpaka 1015 masentimita 10 kuchokera pa 982 mpaka 918 masentimita 9. Wenge et al., 2018 adawonanso ntchito yotsimikizika yamagulu a magulu ogwirira ogwiritsa ntchito, ndikutsimikizira mapangidwe a RGGO omwe amawonongedwa, omwe amawonetsedwa pafupi ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, omwe amachititsa mawonekedwe a chomera. 33.
A. FTIR Spectrum of Gelium, Nzvi, RGO, Pita, Corsite RGO / NZVVI (a). A Roelgenogrammy amajambula RGGA, NZVI ndi RGO / NZVI (B).
Kupanga kwa RGO / NZVI ndi NZVVI ma coossites kunali kutsimikiziridwa kwambiri ndi ma X-ray osiyanasiyana (mkuyu. 3b). Chingwe chachikulu kwambiri chomwe chimachitika kwambiri pa 2ɵ 44.5 °, chogwirizana ndi index (jcpds ayi. 06-069966) 11. Ndege ina ya ndege ya (311) imadziwika ndi Magnetit Feya4, 63.2 Njira ya X-ray yopita pachimake pa 2ɵ 10,000 10,000 10,000 ndi nsonga ina pa 21.1 °, kuwonetsa kukhalapo kwathunthu kwa magulu am'madzi a Goygen pamtunda wa Go35. Njira zophatikizira za RGGO ndi RGO / NZVI idalemba zomwe zimachitika pazinthu zomwe zimachitika ndikupanga nsonga za RGGO. 22 22.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24.17 ndi 24,7. Komabe, mu mawonekedwe a rosu / NZVI
Kutha kwa Zeta ndi kuthekera pakati pa osanjikiza a ionic omwe amaphatikizidwa pamwamba pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi njira yothetsera matenda omwe amasankha zamagetsi zazinthu komanso zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukhazikika kwa zinthu. Kusanthula kwa Zeta kuti NZVI yophatikizika, pitani, ndipo RGO / NZVVI YOLEMBEDWA NDI ZINSINSI ZOTHANDIZA KWA A -20.8, -22, ndi -22, ndi -22, ndi -22, . Zotsatira zoterezi ndizogwirizana ndi malipoti angapo omwe amatchulanso mayankho omwe ali ndi miyambo yocheperako. Kuphatikiza kwa Rgo ndi NZVVI kumalola kuti gulu lizikhala ndi zolipiritsa zochulukirapo ndipo zili ndi zolimba kuposa kupita kapena nzvi ndekha. Chifukwa chake, chodabwitsa cha electrostatic chorsion chidzatsogolera pakupanga kwa RGO / NZINI39. Pamtunda yoyipa imaloleza kuti ithetsedwe mwamphamvu kwambiri popanda kuphatikizika, komwe kumapangitsa malo abwino kuti azigwirizana ndi NZVVI. Choyipa chake chitha kuphatikizidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa magulu osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito mu valon conwect, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuyanjana pakati pa Go ndi NZVI zovuta, ndi RGOVI. Izi ndizomwe zimapangidwanso zimatha kukhala ngati othandizira, chifukwa amaletsa kuphatikizika kwa nanoparticles ndipo motero amawonjezera odandaula 440.
Kukhazikitsidwa ndi ma valence akuti kwa nzvi ndi RGO / NZVVI yodziwika ndi XPS (mkuyu. 4). Phunziro lonse la Xps linawonetsa kuti ma rogo / nzvi / zzvi amakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zilipo c, o, ndi ma to, zogwirizana ndi mapu a ed (mkuyu). C1S Spectrum imakhala ndi nsonga zitatu pa 284.59 Ev, 286.21 Ev ndi 288.21 Ev. Spectrum Spectrum idagawika nsonga zitatu, kuphatikiza 531.17 EV, 532.97 Ev, ndi 535.45 Ev, ndi magulu, motsatana. Komabe, nsonga pa 710.43, 714.57 ndi 724.79 Kutanthauza kuti Fe 2p3 / 2, Fer + 3 ndi Fe P1 / 2, motero. The XPS Spectra of NZVVI (mkuyu. 4C-e) adawonetsa nsonga za zinthu zomwe zilipo) Peaks pa 284.77, 286.25, ndi 287.25, ndi 287.25, ndi 287.62. Spectrum ya o1s imafanana ndi nsonga zitatu c-o / ice carbonate (531.1.19 EV), Hydroxyl Radical (532.4 EV) ndi O (533.47 EV). Pafupifupi pa 719.6 amadziwika kuti ali ndi vuto la ma ty17.3 ndi 723.7 EV, kuphatikizapo, chiwonetsero cha Fe2o342.43.
Maphunziro a XPS ndi RGO / NZVVI Spoosutes, motero (a, b). Ma Spectra a NZVI C1S (c), Fe2p (D), ndi O1S (e) ndi RGO / NZIN (F), O1s (H) Cornosesite.
The N2 Adsorption / Deporption Indotherm (mkuyu. 5A, b) akuwonetsa kuti NZVVI ndi RGO / NZVVI ya mtundu wa II. Kuphatikiza apo, malo ena apamwamba (Sbet) of Nzvi adachulukana kuchokera 47.4549 mpaka 152.52 M2 / G pambuyo kuchititsa khungu ndi RGGO. Zotsatira zake zitha kufotokozedwa ndi kuchepa kwa maginito a Nzvi atatha kuchita khungu, potero kuchepetsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikuwonjezera malo ophatikizika. Kuphatikiza apo, monga tikuwonetsera mkuyu. 5C, vori ya Core (8.94 NM) ya RGO / NZVI) ndi yopamwamba kuposa ya nzvi (2.873 NM). Zotsatira izi zikugwirizana ndi El-monoem et al. 45.
Kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwa Adsorption kuchotsa DC pakati pa RGO / NZVI yoyambirira yowonjezereka pakuwonjezereka pakuwonjezereka pakuwonjezera kwa adsorbent aliyense (0,05 g) ku DC pamitundu yoyambirira. Anafufuza yankho [25]. -100 mg l-1] pa 25 ° C. Zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti kuchotsedwa bwino (94.6%) ya RGO / NZVI) Komabe, poyambira, ndende idawonjezeka mpaka 100 mg l-1, kuchotsedwa mwachangu kwa rogo / nzvi ndi 65% ndi 65% (Chithunzi 6), kuwonongeka kwa nzvi). M'malo mwake, RGO / NZVI adawonetsa bwino kuchotsa kwa DC, yomwe ingakhale chifukwa cha sygo ndi nzvi, pomwe pangani mawebusayiti omwe ali okhazikika, ndipo ponseponse DC. Kuphatikiza apo, mu mkuyu. 6b akuwonetsa kuti ma adsorrapt kuvakidwe wa RGO / NZVI ndi NZVI / G mpaka 30 mg / g, motsatana, motsatana, ndikuwonjezereka koyambirira kwa 25-100 mg / l. -1.1 mpaka 28.73 mg g-1. Chifukwa chake, kuchotsa kwa DC kunakongoletsedwa ndi DC kukhazikika kwa DC, komwe kunali chifukwa chocheperako kwa malo omwe amathandizidwa ndi adsorbent ya adsorption ndi kuchotsedwa kwa DC muthetsa. Chifukwa chake, zitha kutheka chifukwa cha zotsatirazi kuti ma coosuleni opanga a RGO / NZVI ali ndi mwayi wapamwamba wa adsorption ndi kuchepetsa, ndipo rgo mu kapangidwe ka rogo / nzvi akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati adsorbent komanso ngati zinthu zonyamula.
Kuchotsa bwino ndi DC Adsorption ku RGO / NZVI ndi NZVVI YOSUNTIRA (A, B) [CO = 25 mg), 0.05 g], Ph. Pa mphamvu ya ADSROREPAT NDI DC Kuchotsa pa RGO / NZVI Cossusetites (C) [C) [CO = 50 mg l-1, PH = 2 ° C).
Yankho la PH ndikuwunika pakuphunzira njira za Adsorption njira, chifukwa zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa mankhwala, kuwonetsa, komanso kusinthika kwa adsorbent. Kuyesera kunachitika pa 25 ° C ndi mlingo kosalekeza (0,05 g) ndi kukhazikika koyamba kwa 50 mg l-1 mu Phoge (3-11). Malinga ndi kuwunika kwa mabuku46, DC ndi molekyulu yopezeka ndi magulu angapo ogwira ntchito (ma phenols, amino m'magulu, mowa) pamiyendo yambiri. Zotsatira zake, ntchito zosiyanasiyana za DC ndi zida zofananira pamtunda wa RGO / NZVI imatha kukhala ngati ma elekitikiti, ztsutter, ndi anitteric (dch- 7.3 ndi anionic (dch-) pa pH 7.7. Zotsatira zake, ntchito zosiyanasiyana za DC ndi zida zofananira pamtunda wa RGO / NZVI imatha kukhala ngati ma elekitikiti, ztsutter, ndi anitteric (dch- 7.3 ndi anionic (dch-) pa pH 7.7. В улкллыыылллллтттллчлчнннчччч: ' элетроро Appтичreи и могт суч Ката (Dch3 +) ирн <3,3, ц, циттер- Zotsatira zake, ntchito zosiyanasiyana za DC ndi zida zofananira pamtunda wa RGO / NZVI imatha kulumikizana ndi ma entonigically ndipo zimatha kukhala mu mawonekedwe, ZwiTitrions, ndi anyezi; Molekyulu ya DC ilipo monga mawu (Dch3 +) pa P P PH <3.3; Ionic (Dch20) 3.3 <Ph <7.7 ndi Anionic (DC- DC2-) pa PH 7.7.因此, DC 的 各种功能和 各种功能和 / NZVVI 复合材料表面 复合材料表面, 两性离子和阴离子, 两性离子和阴离子 (DC30) 3.因此, DC 的 功能 种 和 和 和 和 和 表面 表面 在 在 在 在 在 在 在阳离子阳离子或 DC2-) 在 PH 7.7. Сука ру р r Пzvi мит идд элетроростие ваимооост Nobilyb. Chifukwa chake, ntchito zosiyanasiyana za DC ndi zida zofananira pamtunda wa RGGO / NZVI imatha kulowa m'magetsi osachimwa ndikukhalamo mu mawonekedwe, ZwiTions, pomwe ma molekyulu amaphatikizika (DC3 +. Он существу Виде рттеер-иона (DCH20) Imakhala ngati Zwitteter (Dch20) pa 3.3 <ph <7.7 ndi anion (dch- kapena dc2-) pa PH 7.7.Ndi kuwonjezeka mu pH kuchokera pa 3 mpaka 7, maluso a ADSORORESS komanso kuchita bwino kwa DC Kuchotsa kuchokera pa 11.2 mg / g (56%) mpaka 17 mg / g (8c). Komabe, monga momwe PH idakulirabe mpaka 9 ndi 11, kuchotsera kwa ADSORSES ndikuchotsa kutsika pang'ono, kuyambira 10,6 mg / g (53%), motero. Ndi kuwonjezeka mu PH kuyambira 3 mpaka 7, DCS makamaka munjira ya Zwindo, yomwe idawapangitsa chidwi ndi magetsi kapena kuvomerezedwa ndi rogo / nzvi Pamene pH idakula pamwamba pa 8.2, pamwamba pa ADSORBENT idatsutsidwa, motero kuchuluka kwa ADSORORYCAS kutsika ndikuchepetsa chifukwa cha ma electroctic pakati pa Doxycycline ndi mawonekedwe a ADSORD. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti DC Adsorption pa RGGO / NZVI imadalira kwambiri, ndipo zotsatira zake zikuwonetsanso kuti ma coossites a RGO / NZVI ndioyenera monga adsorbents pansi pa acidic komanso kulowerera ndale.
Zotsatira za kutentha pa adsorption ya mankhwala a DC idachitika (25-55 ° C). Chithunzi 7A chikuwonetsa mphamvu ya kutentha pakuchotsa maantibayotiki ya DC / NZVI, zikuwonekeratu kuti kuchotsedwa kwa 83.44% ndi 137% ndi 7.83 mg / g mpaka 48. , motsatana. Kuchepa kwakukulu kumeneku kumatha chifukwa chowonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya DC, zomwe zimatsogolera ku Deadrorpy47.
Zotsatira za kutentha pa kukonza bwino ndi ma cd / zzvi compsensitic okwanira pakuchotsa kwa CD [CO = 50 mg L-1, PH = 7, T = 25 ° C] (c, D) [CO = PH = 2).
Mphamvu yowonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa adsorbent rgo / nzvi kuchokera ku 0,01 g mpaka 0.07 g pa kuchotsedwa kwa ntchito yogwira ntchito ndi adsorption kumawonetsedwa mu mkuyu.. 7b. Kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo wa Adsorbont kudapangitsa kuchepa kwa makonda a Adsorption kuyambira 33.43 mg / g mpaka 6.74 mg / g. Komabe, ndikuwonjezeka kwa mlingo wa madsorbent kuchokera ku 0,01 g mpaka 0.07 g, kuchotsera pamakula kuchokera pa 66.8% mpaka 96%, omwe molingana ndi 96%, omwewo, angaphatikizidwe ndi chiwerengero cha Nanocompoposite pamwamba.
Zotsatira zakukhazikika koyambirira pa mphamvu ya adsorption ndikuchotsa bwino. Pamene ndende yoyambirira idawonjezereka kuchokera 25 mg l-1 mpaka 100 mg l-1, kuchuluka kwa ma rgo / nzvi), mwina chifukwa chosapezeka patsamba logwira ntchito. . Adsors wamkulu wa DC49. Kumbali inayo, monga momwe ndende yoyamba iwonjezere, kuchuluka kwa madsororption kumachulukitsa kuchokera ku 9.4 mg / g mpaka 30 mg / g mpaka ofanana ndi ofanana (mkuyu. 7D). Izi sizingalephereke chifukwa chowonjezera poyendetsa galimoto yoyambirira ya DC ion ion ion usser kuthana ndi 50 wa RGGO / NZVI yopanga.
Nthawi yolumikizana ndi kalasi ya Kinitic imafuna kumvetsetsa nthawi yofanana ya adsorption. Choyamba, kuchuluka kwa DC Adsorbed pa mphindi 40 zoyambirira za nthawi yolumikizirana inali pafupifupi theka la ndalama zonse zoyesedwa nthawi yonseyo (mphindi 100). Pomwe ma molekyulu a DC momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kuti asamuke mwachangu mpaka kukhazikika kwa RGO / NZVI yopanga zomwe zidapangitsa kuti adsorpption. Pambuyo 40 min, DC Adsorption idawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono mpaka pang'ono mpaka kufananizidwa pambuyo 60 min (mkuyu. 7D). Popeza kuchuluka koyenera kumayesedwa mkati mwa mphindi 40 zoyambirira, padzakhala kugunda kocheperako ndi mamolekyulu ocheperako ndi malo ochepera omwe adzapezeke kwa mamolekyu osankhidwa. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa adsorption kumatha kukhala kotsika51.
Kumvetsetsa bwino Adsororption Kinetics, mzere mzere wa pseudo woyamba dongosolo (mkuyu. 8a), 1A), pseudo wachiwiri (mkuyu), ndi elovich (mkuyu. 8C) Kinetic mitundu idagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchokera pamagawo omwe apezeka kuchokera ku maphunziro a Kinatic (tebulo S1), limawonekeratu kuti chithunzi chabwino kwambiri chofotokozera Adsorption Kinetics, pomwe mtengo wa R2 umakhazikitsidwa kuposa mitundu inayo. Palinso kufanana pakati pa adsorption adsorption amatha (QE, cal). Dongosolo lachiwiri la pseudo ndi zoyeserera (QE, EXP.) Kodi kulembedwanso kwinanso kuti dongosolo lachiwiri la pseudo ndi mtundu wabwino kuposa mitundu ina. Monga taonera mu tebulo 1, mfundo za α (koyambirira kwa Adsorption) ndi β (Deadrpy pafupipafupi) zimatsimikizira kuti kuchuluka kwa ma adsorb moyenera pa RGGORS Cornosuposite. .
Mizere ya Adsororption knetic dongosolo lachiwiri la pseudo-serce (a), dongosolo loyamba (b) ndi elovich (c) [C) [C) [CO = PH = 2).
Maphunziro a ADSRORASTEPMS imathandizira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa Adsorbont kwa Adsorbont (RGO / NRVI imapanga) m'malo osiyanasiyana adsorbate (DC) ndi kutentha. Kutha kwakukulu kwakukulu komwe kunawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Langmuir Isotherm, yomwe idawonetsa kuti Adsorption anali kudalirika ndipo adaphatikizanso mapangidwe a monolar popanda kuyanjana pakati pa iwo omwe ad53. Mitundu iwiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri indothemm ndi ma freelich ndi mafumu. Ngakhale mtundu wa freundich sugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengetsa mphamvu ya Adsorption
Ziwerengero za 9a-C onetsetsani mzere wa Langmuir, Freindlich, ndi mafumu, motero. Makhalidwe a R2 owerengedwa kuchokera ku Freundich (mkuyu. 9a) ndi Langmuir (mkuyu. 9B) Kuchuluka kwakukulu (Qmax), kuwerengeredwa pogwiritsa ntchito Langmuir Isotherm Model, anali 31.61 mg g-1. Kuphatikiza apo, mtengo wowerengedwa wa kulekanitsa pang'ono (RL) uli pakati pa 0 ndi 1 (0.097), kuwonetsa njira yabwino kwambiri. Kupanda kutero, kuwerengera Frendich nthawi zonse (n = 2.756) kumawonetsa kusakonda kwa mayamwidwe. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a tembekin isotherm (mkuyu. 9C), Adsorption wa DC pa RGGO / NZVI Njira Yomwe ADSVORARS, kuyambira b Ngakhale ma adsorption akuthupi nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa ndi vuto la var a ankhondo a RGGO / NZVI amafunikira mphamvu zotsika kwambiri [56, 57].
Freundich (a), Langmuir (b), ndi tekikin (c) Linear Adshorption [CO = 25, 2 ° C, 0.05 g]. Chiwembu cha Holf vaff of DC
Kuti mudziwe momwe kutentha kumasinthira pa DC kuchokera ku RGGO / NZVVI KUGWIRA NTCHITO YOPHUNZITSIRA (ΔS), Kusintha Kwaulere (ΔH), Kusintha Kwaulere (Δ) Kuwerengedwa kuchokera ku equation. 358.
komwe \ ({k _ {e} \) \ \ (\ (\ (\ (\ (\ f y) {} _} {ae} __ to {ae} _} {ae} __ to {ae} _} __) R ndi RT ndiomwe amasamba kutentha kosalekeza komanso madsorption kutentha, motsatana. Konzani ln ke ke to 1 / t imapereka mzere wowongoka (mkuyu. 9D) kuchokera ku Δs ndi Δh ndikutsimikiza.
Mtengo woyipa wa ΔH umawonetsa kuti njirayi ndiyotupa. Kumbali inayo, mtengo wa ΔH ndi njira yoyeserera. Makhalidwe oyipa a ΔG pa tebulo 3 akuwonetsa kuti Adsorption ndizotheka komanso zokha. Makhalidwe oyipa a Δs akuwonetsa kuyitanitsa kwa mamolekyu a ADSORTUSE ku mawonekedwe owoneka bwino (patebulo 3).
Gome 4 limayerekezera rogo / nzvi compwite yokhala ndi adsorments ena omwe adanenedwa m'maphunziro apitawa. Zikuwonekeratu kuti VGO / NCVI yopanga imakhala ndi vuto lalikulu ndipo lingakhale zofunikira pochotsa maantibayotiki a DC kuchokera m'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, Adsorption wa RGO / NZVI yopanga mwachangu ndi nthawi yofanana ndi 60 min. Makina abwino a adsoroption a RGO / NZVI akhoza kufotokozeredwa ndi Synergist zotsatira za RGGO ndi NZVI.
Ziwerengero za 10a, b zikuwonetsa makina ofunikira pakuchotsa maantibayotiki a DC ndi RGGO / NZVI ndi NZVI. Malinga ndi zotsatira za zoyeserera pazokhudza PH pa mphamvu ya DC Chifukwa chake, kusintha kwa mtengo wa PH sikunakhudze njira zoyeserera. Pambuyo pake, makina a adsorption amatha kulamulidwa ndi zosankha zosachizira ma hydrogen, hydrophobic zotsatira, ndi π-π stating mogwirizana pakati pa RGO / NZVI. Zimadziwika bwino kuti makina a Adomactic a Adomatic pamwamba pa graphene amafotokozedwa ndi π-π Stative Certiction monga gulu lalikulu loyendetsa. The composite ndi zinthu zofananira zofanana ndi graphene wokhala ndi mayamwidwe nthawi zonse 233 nm chifukwa cha kusintha kwa π-π. Kutengera kukhalapo kwa mphete zinayi zonunkhira bwino kwambiri kwa DC Adsorbate, timangopeka kuti pali njira yovomerezeka ya π-electron pakati pa ma Π-electons pamtunda wa roma. / NZVVI imapanga. Kuphatikiza apo, monga tikuonera mkuyu. 10b, maphunziro a FTIR adachita kuti aphunzire kulumikizana kwa RGGO / NZVI Spectra ya RGGO / NZVI imapanga ma adsorption a DC. 10b. Chipilala chatsopano chimawonedwa pa 2111 masentimita-1, omwe amafanana ndi chimbudzi cha C = C Bonger, omwe akuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa magulu ogwirizana ndi 67 RGO / NZVI. Zina za nsonga zina kuchokera ku 1561 mpaka 1548 masentimita-1 ndi kuyambira 1399 mpaka 1399 mpaka 1360. Pambuyo DC Adsorption, mphamvu ya magulu ena okonda anthu, monga o oh Chifukwa chake, kutengera zotsatira zake, DC Adsorption pa RGO / NZVI yophatikizira imachitika chifukwa cha ma π-π stating mogwirizana ndi H-HOP.
Mphamvu ya Adsorption ya DC maantibayotiki ndi RGO / NZVI ndi NZVIGE SAGESS (a). FTIR ADSORORApprap ya DC pa RGO / NZVI ndi NZVVI (B).
Kukula kwa magulu a NZVVI pa 3244, 1615, 1546, ndi 1011 masentimita 1,000 Komabe, kutsika kotsika kumeneku m'magulu onse owona sikusintha kwakukulu mu ma adsorption m'njira ya ma phytosnti) poyerekeza ndi NZVI isanachitike. Malinga ndi kufufuza kwina kwa DC ndi NZVVI71, pomwe NZVVIVA imakhudzana ndi H2O, ma elekiti amasulidwa kenako H + imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ipange hyrojeni yokhazikika. Pomaliza, mankhwala ena a chiphunzitso cholandila ma elekitironi kuchokera ku hydrogen, chifukwa -c =c =c = c-
Post Nthawi: Nov-14-2022