I a ngā kaihanga pākahiko waka hiko o Kōrea ki te Tonga e whakarite ana mō ngā here i runga i te kaweake karāpeti mai i Haina ka whai mana i te marama e tū mai nei, e ai ki ngā kaitātari me tere ake a Washington, Seoul me Tokyo i ngā kaupapa whakamātautau e aro ana ki te whakapakari ake i ngā mekameka tuku taonga.
I kōrero a Daniel Ikenson, te kaiwhakahaere hokohoko, haumitanga me te auahatanga i te Asia Public Policy Institute, ki te VOA e whakapono ana ia kua roa rawa te tatari a te Hononga o Amerika, Kōrea ki te Tonga me Hapani ki te waihanga i te pūnaha whakatūpato wawe mō te mekameka tuku taonga (EWS) kua whakaarohia.
I kī a Ikenson ko te whakatinanatanga o te EWS "me tere ake i mua i te tīmatanga o te whakaaro o te United States ki ngā here i runga i te kaweake o ngā semiconductors me ētahi atu hua hangarau teitei ki Haina."
I te 20 o Oketopa, i panuitia e te Manatū Tauhokohoko o Haina ngā here hou a Beijing mō te kaweake i ngā rauemi mata matua mō ngā pākahiko waka hiko, e toru ngā rā i muri i te panuitanga a Washington i ngā here mō te hoko o ngā semiconductors teitei ki Haina, tae atu ki ngā maramara mohio horihori matatau mai i te kaihanga maramara o Amerika a Nvidia.
I kī te Tari Tauhokohoko i aukatia ngā hoko nā te mea ka taea e Haina te whakamahi i ngā maramara hei whakatairanga i ana whanaketanga hōia.
I mua, mai i te 1 o Ākuhata, i whakawhāiti a Haina i te kaweake o te gallium me te germanium, e whakamahia ana mō te hanga semiconductors.
"Kua hangaia ēnei here hou e Haina hei whakaatu ka taea e rātou te whakaroa i te ahunga whakamua o te US ki ngā waka hiko ma," te kī a Troy Stangarone, te kaiwhakahaere matua o te Korea Economic Research Institute.
I te hui nui o Camp David i te marama o Ākuhata, i whakaae a Washington, Seoul me Tokyo ka whakarewahia e rātou tētahi kaupapa whakamātautau EWS hei tautuhi i te whakawhirinaki nui ki tētahi whenua i roto i ngā kaupapa nui, tae atu ki ngā kohuke me ngā pākahiko nui, me te tohatoha i ngā mōhiohio hei whakaiti i ngā whakararuraru.
I whakaae hoki ngā whenua e toru ki te waihanga i ngā "tikanga tautoko" mā te Anga Whakatipu Ōhanga o Indo-Pacific (IPEF) hei whakapai ake i te manawanui o te mekameka tuku.
I whakarewahia e te whakahaerenga Biden te IPEF i te marama o Mei 2022. E kitea ana te anga mahi tahi hei ngana a ngā whenua mema 14, tae atu ki te US, Kōrea ki te Tonga me Hapani, ki te ārai i te awe ōhanga o Haina i te rohe.
Mō ngā mana whakahaere kaweake, i kī te kaikorero a te Kāwanatanga o Haina, a Liu Pengyu, ko te kāwanatanga o Haina te nuinga o te wā e whakahaere ana i ngā mana whakahaere kaweake i runga anō i te ture, ā, kāore e aro ki tētahi whenua, rohe rānei, ki tētahi aituā rānei.
I kī anō ia kei te whakapau kaha tonu a Haina ki te whakarite i te haumarutanga me te pumau o ngā mekameka ahumahi me ngā mekameka tuku o te ao, ā, ka whakarato hoki i ngā raihana kaweake e tutuki ana i ngā ture e tika ana.
I tāpiri atu ia "he kaihanga, he kaihanga tahi, he kaitiaki hoki a Haina i ngā mekameka ahumahi me ngā mekameka tuku o te ao e pumau ana, e kore e mutu" ā, "e hiahia ana ki te mahi tahi me ngā hoa o te ao ki te piri ki te kaupapa whānui pono me te pupuri i te pumau o ngā mekameka ahumahi me ngā mekameka tuku o te ao."
Kua kaha ngā kaihanga pākahiko waka hiko o Kōrea ki te kohikohi i te nui o te karāpeti mai i te wā i panuitia ai e Beijing ngā here mō te karāpeti. E matapaetia ana ka heke te tuku o te ao nā te mea me whiwhi raihana ngā kaihoko Hainamana mai i te marama o Tīhema.
He nui te whakawhirinaki o Kōrea ki te Tonga ki a Haina mō te hanga karāpiti e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā anode pākahiko waka hiko (te wāhanga kino o te pākahiko). Mai i Hānuere ki Hepetema o tēnei tau, neke atu i te 90% o ngā kawemai karāpiti a Kōrea ki te Tonga i ahu mai i Haina.
I kī a Han Koo Yeo, te minita hokohoko o Kōrea ki te Tonga mai i te tau 2021 ki te 2022, ā, he mema tuatahi hoki ia i roto i te whanaketanga o te IPEF, ko ngā aukati kaweake hou a Beijing he "karanga whakaoho nui" mō ngā whenua pēnei i a Kōrea ki te Tonga, Hapani me Haina. Kōrea ki te Tonga". Ko te Hononga o Amerika me te iti o ngā whenua e whakawhirinaki ana ki te karāpeti mai i Haina.
I taua wā tonu, i kōrero a Yang ki te VOA Korean he "tauira tino pai" te here e whakaatu ana i te take me tere ake te kaupapa whakamātautau.
"Ko te mea nui ko te aro atu ki tēnei wā raruraru." Ahakoa kāore anō kia huri hei ngangau nui, "kei te tino mataku te mākete, kei te āwangawanga hoki ngā kamupene, ā, he nui rawa te āwangawanga," te kī a Yang, he kairangahau matua ināianei. Peterson Institute for International Economics.
I mea ia me tautuhi a Kōrea ki te Tonga, a Hapani me te Hononga o Amerika i ngā ngoikoretanga i roto i ā rātou whatunga mekameka tuku taonga, me te whakatairanga i te mahi tahi a te kāwanatanga tūmataiti e hiahiatia ana hei tautoko i te hanganga toru-taha ka hangaia e ngā whenua e toru.
I tāpiri atu a Yang, i raro i tēnei kaupapa, me whakawhitiwhiti kōrero a Washington, Seoul me Tokyo, me rapu i ētahi atu puna hei wehe atu i te whakawhirinaki ki tētahi whenua, me te tere ake te whakawhanake i ngā hangarau hou.
I mea ia me mahi tahi ngā whenua IPEF tekau mā tahi e toe ana i roto i te anga IPEF.
Kia oti te whakatakoto i tētahi anga mō te manawanui o te mekameka tuku taonga, e ai ki tāna, "he mea nui kia whakatinanahia."
I te Wenerei, i pānuitia e te Tari Kāwanatanga o Amerika te hanganga o te Whatunga Pūtea Haumarutanga Pūngao Hiranga me te Whakawhitinga Kohuke, he hononga hou i waenganui i te iwi whānui me te Pokapū Rautaki Kohuke Hiranga o te Tari Moni hei whakatairanga i ngā haumitanga ki ngā mekameka tuku kohuke hiranga.
He whakahaere kore-pāti a SAFE e tautoko ana i ngā otinga pūngao haumaru, pumau, me te pumau.
I te Wenerei, i karanga anō te whakahaerenga a Biden kia tū te whitu o ngā rauna o ngā kōrerorero IPEF ki San Francisco mai i te 5 ki te 12 o Noema i mua i te huihuinga mahi tahi Ōhanga o Āhia me te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa i te 14 o Noema, e ai ki te Tari o te Māngai Tauhokohoko o Amerika.
"Kua tino oti te wāhanga mekameka tuku o te pūnaha ōhanga o Indo-Moananui-a-Kiwa, ā, me mārama ake ngā tikanga o tēnei wāhanga i muri i te hui APEC i San Francisco," te kī a Ikenson o te Asia Society i Camp David.
I tāpiri atu a Ikenson: "Ka whakapau kaha a Haina ki te whakaiti i te utu o ngā mana whakahaere kaweake a te Hononga o Amerika me ōna hoa tautoko. Engari e mōhio ana a Beijing, ā, i roto i te wā roa, ka whakanekehia e Washington, Seoul, Tokyo me Brussels te haumi ki te whakaputanga me te whakamahine o te ao. Ki te nui rawa te pēhanga, ka whakangaromia ā rātou pakihi."
I kī a Gene Berdichevsky, te kaiwhakaū me te Tumu Whakarae o Sila Nanotechnologies o Alameda, California, mā te here a Haina ki ngā kaweake karāpeti ka tere ake te whanaketanga me te whakamahinga o te silicon hei whakakapi i te karāpeti hei wāhanga matua i roto i te hanga anode pākahiko. I Moses Lake, Washington.
"E whakaatu ana te mahi a Haina i te ngoikore o te mekameka tuku o nāianei me te hiahia mō ngā huarahi kē atu," te kōrero a Berdichevsky ki te kairīpoata Kōrea a VOA. ngā tohu mākete me te tautoko kaupapa here tāpiri."
I tāpiri atu a Berdichevsky kei te tere haere ngā kaihanga waka ki te whakamahi i te silicon i roto i ā rātou mekameka tuku pākahiko waka hiko, nā te kaha o ngā anode silicon i tētahi wāhanga. Ka tere ake te utu o ngā anode silicon.
I mea atu a Stanngarone o te Korea Economic Research Institute: "Me pupuri tonu e Haina te whakapono o te mākete kia kore ai ngā kamupene e rapu i ngā taonga rerekē. Ki te kore, ka akiaki i ngā kaiwhakarato Hainamana kia tere ake te wehe atu."
Wā tuku: 28 o Ākuhata-2024