Njengoba abenzi bebhethri yezimoto zikagesi baseNingizimu Korea balungiselela imingcele ekuthengisweni kwe-graphite evela e-China ukuze iqale ukusebenza ngenyanga ezayo, abahlaziyi bathi iWashington, iSeoul neTokyo kufanele zisheshise izinhlelo zokuhlola okuhloswe ngazo ukwenza amaketanga okuhlinzeka aqine kakhudlwana.
UDaniel Ikenson, umqondisi wezohwebo, ukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokusha e-Asia Public Policy Institute, utshele i-VOA ukuthi ukholelwa ukuthi i-United States, iSouth Korea kanye neJapan balinde isikhathi eside kakhulu ukudala uhlelo oluhlongozwayo lokuxwayisa ngempahla yakuqala (EWS). .
U-Ikenson uthe ukuqaliswa kwe-EWS "bekumele kusheshiswe isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba i-United States iqale ukucubungula imingcele yokuthunyelwa kwe-semiconductors neminye imikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eChina."
Ngomhla zingama-20 kuMfumfu, uMnyango Wezentengiselwano waseChina wamemezela imikhawulo yakamuva yaseBeijing mayelana nokuthunyelwa kwempahla ebalulekile yamabhethri emoto kagesi, ezinsukwini ezintathu ngemva kokuba iWashington imemezele imingcele yokuthengiswa kwama-semiconductors asezingeni eliphezulu eChina, okuhlanganisa nama-chips obuhlakani bokwenziwa athuthukile avela ku-chipmaker wase-US uNvidia.
UMnyango Wezohwebo uthe ukuthengisa kuvinjiwe ngoba iChina ingasebenzisa ama-chips ukuthuthukisa intuthuko yezempi.
Ngaphambilini, i-China, kusukela ngo-Agasti 1, yanciphisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-gallium ne-germanium, esetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwama-semiconductors.
"Le mikhawulo emisha iklanywe ngokusobala yiChina ukukhombisa ukuthi inganciphisa inqubekela phambili yase-US ezimotweni zikagesi ezihlanzekile," kusho uTroy Stangarone, umqondisi omkhulu weKorea Economic Research Institute.
IWashington, iSeoul neTokyo bavumelana engqungqutheleni yaseCamp David ngo-August ukuthi bazokwethula iphrojekthi yokuhlola ye-EWS yokuhlonza ukuthembela ngokweqile ezweni elilodwa kumaphrojekthi abalulekile, okuhlanganisa amaminerali namabhethri abalulekile, futhi babelane ngolwazi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka. uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka.
La mazwe amathathu aphinde avuma ukudala “izindlela ezihambisanayo” ngohlaka lwe-Indo-Pacific Economic Prosperity Framework (IPEF) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusimama kwe-supply chain.
Abaphathi be-Biden bethule i-IPEF ngoMeyi 2022. Uhlaka lokubambisana lubonwa njengomzamo wamazwe angamalungu ayi-14, okuhlanganisa i-US, iNingizimu Korea neJapane, ukulwa nomthelela wezomnotho waseChina esifundeni.
Mayelana nokulawulwa kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, umkhulumeli weNxusa LaseShayina, uLiu Pengyu, uthe uhulumeni waseShayina ngokuvamile ulawula ukulawulwa kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngokuvumelana nomthetho futhi awubhekiseli kunoma yiliphi izwe noma isifunda noma isiphi isigameko esithile.
Uphinde wathi i-China ihlezi izibophezele ekuqinisekiseni ukuvikeleka nokuzinza kwezimboni zomhlaba wonke kanye namaketanga okuhlinzeka futhi izohlinzeka ngamalayisensi okuthekelisa ahambisana nemithetho efanele.
Ubuye wengeza ngokuthi "iShayina ingumakhi, umdidiyeli kanye nomnakekeli wezimboni zomhlaba wonke ezizinzile nezingaphazamiseki" futhi "izimisele ukusebenzisana nabalingani bomhlaba wonke ukuze kuhambisane nokusebenzelana kwezizwe ngezizwe kwangempela futhi kugcinwe ukuzinza kwezimboni zomhlaba jikelele kanye namaketanga okuhlinzeka."
Abenzi bebhethri yezimoto zikagesi baseNingizimu Korea bebelokhu bezama ukuqoqa ama-graphite amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka selokhu iBeijing imemezele imikhawulo yegraphite. Izimpahla zomhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi zehle njengoba iBeijing idinga abathumeli bangaphandle baseChina ukuthi bathole amalayisense kusukela ngoDisemba.
I-South Korea ithembele kakhulu e-China ngokukhiqiza i-graphite esetshenziswa kuma-anode ebhethri yemoto kagesi (ingxenye yebhethri eshajwe kabi). Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba kulo nyaka, ngaphezu kwama-90% okuthengwa kwe-graphite yaseNingizimu Korea kuvela eChina.
U-Han Koo Yeo, owasebenza njengongqongqoshe wezohwebo waseNingizimu Korea kusukela ngo-2021 kuya ku-2022 futhi wabamba iqhaza kusenesikhathi ekuthuthukisweni kwe-IPEF, uthe izindlela zakamuva zokuthinjwa kweBeijing zokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kuzoba "umkhankaso omkhulu" emazweni anjengeSouth Korea, Japan neChina. INingizimu Korea” I-United States kanye nenani elincane lamazwe bathembele ku-graphite evela e-China.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, u-Yang utshele i-VOA Korean ukuthi i-cap "isibonelo esiphelele" sokuthi kungani uhlelo lokuhlola kufanele lusheshiswe.
"Into esemqoka ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nalesi sikhathi esibucayi." Yize ingakaphenduki isiphithiphithi esikhulu okwamanje, "imakethe inovalo kakhulu, izinkampani nazo zikhathazekile, futhi ukungaqiniseki kukhulu impela," kusho uYang, manje osesikhundleni esiphezulu. umcwaningi. Peterson Institute for International Economics.
Uthe iNingizimu Korea, iJapan kanye ne-United States kufanele bakhombe ubungozi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana zabo zokuhlinzeka ngempahla futhi bakhuthaze ukubambisana kukahulumeni wangasese okudingekayo ukuze kusekelwe uhlaka lwamazwe amathathu azolwakha.
U-Yang wengeze ngokuthi ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo, iWashington, iSeoul kanye neTokyo kufanele bashintshisane ngolwazi, bafune eminye imithombo ukuze bahlukane nokuncika ezweni elilodwa, futhi kusheshiswe ukuthuthukiswa kobunye ubuchwepheshe obusha.
Uthe amazwe ayi-11 asele e-IPEF kumele enze okufanayo futhi abambisane ngaphansi kohlaka lwe-IPEF.
Uma sekukhona uhlaka lokusimama kwe-supply chain, uthe, “kubalulekile ukulwenza lusebenze.”
NgoLwesithathu uMnyango Wezwe LaseMelika umemezele ukusungulwa kwe-Critical Energy Security and Transformational Minerals Investment Network, ubambiswano olusha lwezinkampani ezizimele neHhovisi LeHhovisi Lezezimali leSikhungo Sesu Lezokumbiwa Phansi kweHhovisi Lezezimali ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukutshalwa kwezimali emaketangeni abalulekile okuphakelwa kwezimbiwa.
I-SAFE yinhlangano engenzi hlangothi emele izixazululo zamandla aphephile, azinzile futhi azinzile.
NgoLwesithathu, abaphathi be-Biden baphinde bacela ukuthi kube nomzuliswano wesikhombisa wezingxoxo ze-IPEF eSan Francisco kusukela ngoNovemba 5 kuya ku-12 ngaphambi kwengqungquthela ye-Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ngoNovemba 14, ngokusho kweHhovisi Lommeli Wezohwebo wase-US.
"Ingxenye ye-supply chain yesistimu yezomnotho yase-Indo-Pacific iphelele kakhulu futhi imigomo yayo kufanele iqondwe kabanzi ngemva kwengqungquthela ye-APEC eSan Francisco," kusho u-Ikenson we-Asia Society e-Camp David. “
U-Ikenson wanezela: "I-China izokwenza konke engakwenza ukunciphisa izindleko zokulawulwa kokuthunyelwa kwempahla yi-United States nabalingani bayo. Kodwa i-Beijing iyazi ukuthi esikhathini eside, iWashington, iSeoul, iTokyo neBrussels izotshala imali ephindwe kabili ekukhiqizeni nasekucwengisweni komhlaba wonke. uma usebenzisa ingcindezi enkulu, izobhubhisa ibhizinisi labo."
UGene Berdichevsky, umsunguli kanye no-CEO we-Alameda, e-Calif.-based Sila Nanotechnologies, uthe imingcele yaseChina ekuthengisweni kwe-graphite kwamanye amazwe ingasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa kwe-silicon ukufaka esikhundleni se-graphite njengesithako esiyinhloko ekwenzeni ama-anode ebhethri. EMoses Lake, eWashington.
"Isenzo seShayina sigqamisa ubuthakathaka bezinketho zamanje kanye nesidingo sezinye izindlela," kusho uBerdichevsky etshela intatheli yeVOA yaseKorea. izimpawu zemakethe kanye nokwesekwa okwengeziwe kwenqubomgomo.”
U-Berdichevsky wengeze ngokuthi abakhiqizi bezimoto bathuthela ngokushesha ku-silicon emaketangeni abo okunikezwa kwebhethri yemoto kagesi, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokusebenza okuphezulu kwama-silicon anode. I-Silicon anode ishaja ngokushesha.
UStangarone weKorea Economic Research Institute uthe: “Izwe laseChina lidinga ukugcina ukuzethemba kwemakethe ukuze kuvinjwe izinkampani ekufuneni ezinye izinto ezitholakalayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-28-2024