Njengoko abenzi bebhetri yemoto yombane yaseMzantsi Korea balungiselela izithintelo zokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwegraphite ukusuka eTshayina ukuba ziqale ukusebenza kwinyanga ezayo, abahlalutyi bathi iWashington, iSeoul neTokyo kufuneka zikhawulezise iinkqubo zokulinga ezijolise ekwenzeni amatyathanga obonelelo aqine ngakumbi.
UDaniel Ikenson, umlawuli wezohwebo, utyalo-mali kunye nokutsha kwi-Asia Public Policy Institute, utshele i-VOA ukuba ukholelwa ukuba i-United States, i-South Korea kunye ne-Japan zilinde ixesha elide kakhulu ukudala inkqubo ecetywayo yokulumkisa kwangaphambili (EWS). .
U-Ikenson uthe ukuphunyezwa kwe-EWS "kufuneka kukhawuleziswe ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba i-United States iqale ukuqwalasela izithintelo zokuthunyelwa kwe-semiconductors kunye nezinye iimveliso zobugcisa obuphezulu e-China."
Ngo-Oktobha 20, uMphathiswa wezoRhwebo waseChina wabhengeza izithintelo zamva nje zaseBeijing ekuthunyelweni kwezinto eziphambili zeebhetri zemoto yombane, iintsuku ezintathu emva kokuba iWashington ibhengeze izithintelo ekuthengiseni i-semiconductors ephezulu ukuya e-China, kuquka i-chips ye-intelligence intelligence ehamba phambili evela kwi-chipmaker yase-US uNvidia.
Isebe lezoRhwebo lathi ukuthengisa kuvaliwe kuba iChina inokusebenzisa iitshiphusi ukuqhubela phambili uphuhliso lomkhosi.
Ngaphambili, i-China, ukususela ngo-Agasti 1, yanciphisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-gallium kunye ne-germanium, ezisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwee-semiconductors.
"Ezi zithintelo zitsha ziyilwe ngokucacileyo yi-China ukubonisa ukuba banokucothisa inkqubela ye-US kwiimoto zombane ezicocekileyo," utshilo uTroy Stangarone, umlawuli ophezulu weZiko loPhando loQoqosho laseKorea.
IWashington, iSeoul kunye neTokyo bavumelana kwi-summit yaseCamp David ngo-Agasti ukuba baya kuqalisa iprojekthi yokulinga ye-EWS ukuchonga ukuthembela ngokugqithiseleyo kwilizwe elinye kwiiprojekthi ezibalulekileyo, kubandakanywa amaminerali abalulekileyo kunye neebhetri, kunye nokwabelana ngolwazi ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuphazamiseka. itsheyini yonikezo.
La mazwe mathathu avumile ukudala "iindlela ezihambelanayo" ngokusebenzisa i-Indo-Pacific Economic Prosperity Framework (IPEF) ukuphucula ukomelela kwekhonkco lonikezelo.
Ulawulo lwe-Biden luqalise i-IPEF ngoMeyi 2022. Isakhelo sentsebenziswano sibonwa njengelinge lamazwe angamalungu e-14, kuquka i-US, i-South Korea kunye ne-Japan, ukulwa nefuthe lezoqoqosho lwase-China kummandla.
Ngokuphathelele ulawulo lokuthumela ngaphandle, isithethi se-Embassy yaseTshayina uLiu Pengyu uthe urhulumente waseTshayina ulawula ngokubanzi ukulawulwa kokuthumela ngaphandle ngokuhambelana nomthetho kwaye akajongi naliphi na ilizwe okanye ummandla okanye nasiphi na isiganeko esithile.
Kwakhona wathi i-China isoloko izibophelele ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwezoshishino zehlabathi kunye nokubonelela ngeemveliso kwaye iya kubonelela ngeelayisensi zokuthumela ngaphandle ezihambelana nemimiselo efanelekileyo.
Wongeze ukuba "i-China ingumakhi, umdali kunye nomlondolozi wemizi-mveliso yehlabathi kunye nokubonelela ngeemveliso ezizinzileyo kunye ezingaphazamisekiyo" kwaye "izimisele ukusebenzisana namaqabane ehlabathi ukuze abambelele kwi-multilateralism yokwenyani kunye nokugcina uzinzo kwimizi-mveliso yehlabathi kunye namakhonkco okubonelela."
Abenzi bebhetri yemoto yombane yaseMzantsi Korea baye bakrazula ukugcina igraphite eninzi kangangoko ukusukela oko iBeijing ibhengeze izithintelo kwigraphite. Ubonelelo lwehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba lwehle njengoko iBeijing ifuna abathumeli bangaphandle baseTshayina bafumane iilayisensi ukuqala ngoDisemba.
UMzantsi Korea uthembele kakhulu eChina ekuveliseni igraphite esetyenziswa kwiianode zebhetri yemoto yombane (inxalenye yebhetri echajiwe kakubi). Ukusukela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuSeptemba kulo nyaka, ngaphezu kwe-90% ye-graphite yaseMzantsi Korea isuka e-China.
U-Han Koo Yeo, owayesebenza njengomphathiswa wezorhwebo waseMzantsi Korea ukusuka ngo-2021 ukuya ku-2022 kwaye wayethathe inxaxheba kwangethuba kuphuhliso lwe-IPEF, uthe iindlela zokuthumela ngaphandle kweBeijing zamva nje ziya kuba "lucingo olukhulu lokuvusa" kumazwe anjengoMzantsi Korea, iJapan kunye neTshayina. I-South Korea.” I-United States kunye nenani elincinci lamazwe axhomekeke kwigraphite evela eChina.
Okwangoku, u-Yang utshele i-VOA yaseKorea ukuba i-cap "umzekelo ogqibeleleyo" wokuba kutheni inkqubo yokulinga kufuneka ikhawuleze.
"Eyona nto iphambili yindlela yokumelana neli xesha lobunzima." Nangona ingekajiki ibe sisidubedube esikhulu okwangoku, "intengiso inexhala kakhulu, iinkampani nazo zinexhala, kwaye ukungaqiniseki kukhulu kakhulu," utshilo uYang, ngoku okwinqanaba eliphezulu. umphandi. Peterson Institute for International Economics.
Uthe uMzantsi Korea, iJapan kunye ne-United States kufuneka zichonge ubuthathaka kuthungelwano lonikezelo kunye nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano kurhulumente wabucala ofunekayo ukuxhasa ubume bamazwe amathathu aya kudala.
U-Yang wongeze ukuba phantsi kwale nkqubo, iWashington, iSeoul kunye neTokyo kufuneka zitshintshiselane ngolwazi, zifune enye imithombo yokwahlukana kude nokuxhomekeka kwilizwe elinye, kwaye zikhawulezise uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji entsha.
Uthe amazwe ali-11 aseleyo e-IPEF kufuneka enze okufanayo kwaye asebenzisane ngaphakathi kwesakhelo se-IPEF.
Nje ukuba isiseko sobume bobonelelo senziwe, uthe, "kubalulekile ukusisebenzisa."
NgoLwesithathu, iSebe likaRhulumente lase-US libhengeze ukudalwa kwe-Critical Energy Security and Transformational Minerals Investment Network, intsebenziswano entsha yoluntu-yabucala kunye ne-Ofisi ye-Currency ye-Critical Minerals Strategy Centre ukukhuthaza utyalo-mali kwimixokelelwane ebalulekileyo yokubonelela ngezimbiwa.
UKHUSELEKO ngumbutho ongeyonxalenye exhasa izisombululo zamandla ezikhuselekileyo, ezizinzileyo nezizinzileyo.
NgoLwesithathu, ulawulo lwe-Biden luphinde lwabiza umjikelo wesixhenxe weengxoxo ze-IPEF eziza kubanjelwa eSan Francisco ukususela ngoNovemba 5 ukuya kwi-12 ngaphambi kwe-Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit ngoNovemba 14, ngokutsho kweOfisi yoMmeli woRhwebo wase-US.
"Icandelo lokubonelela ngenkqubo yezoqoqosho ye-Indo-Pacific ubukhulu becala kwaye imigaqo yayo kufuneka iqondwe ngokubanzi emva kwengqungquthela ye-APEC eSan Francisco," kusho u-Ikenson we-Asia Society eCamp David. “
U-Ikenson wongezelela wathi: "I-China iya kwenza konke okusemandleni ukunciphisa iindleko zokulawula ukuthumela ngaphandle kwe-United States kunye namahlakani ayo. Kodwa i-Beijing iyazi ukuba kwixesha elide, iWashington, i-Seoul, i-Tokyo kunye ne-Brussels iya kuphinda kabini utyalo-mali kwimveliso ephezulu yehlabathi kunye nokucocwa. Ukuba usebenzisa uxinzelelo oluninzi, luya kutshabalalisa ishishini labo."
U-Gene Berdichevsky, umseki kunye ne-CEO ye-Alameda, e-Sila Nanotechnologies yaseCalif., uthe izithintelo zaseChina kwi-graphite kumazwe angaphandle zinokukhawulezisa uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-silicon ukutshintsha i-graphite njengesithako esibalulekileyo ekwenzeni i-anode yebhetri. EMoses Lake, eWashington.
"Isenzo saseTshayina sigxininisa ubuthathaka bekhonkco lokubonelela kunye nesidingo sezinye iindlela," uBerdichevsky uxelele umnxibelelanisi weVOA waseKorea. iimpawu zeemarike kunye nenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo owongezelelweyo. "
UBerdichevsky wongeze ukuba ii-automakers zihamba ngokukhawuleza kwi-silicon kumakhonkco okubonelela ngebhetri yemoto yombane, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-silicon anode. I-Silicon anode ihlawulisa ngokukhawuleza.
UStangarone weZiko loPhando lwezoQoqosho laseKorea uthe: “Ilizwe laseTshayina kufuneka ligcine ukuzithemba kwezorhwebo ukuze kuthintelwe iinkampani ekukhangeleni ezinye izinto eziyimfuneko.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-28-2024