Njengoko abenzi beebhetri zezithuthi zombane baseMzantsi Korea belungiselela imiqathango yokuthunyelwa kwegrafiti evela eTshayina eza kuqala ukusebenza kwinyanga ezayo, abahlalutyi bathi iWashington, iSeoul kunye neTokyo kufuneka zikhawulezise iinkqubo zovavanyo ezijolise ekwenzeni uthotho lokubonelela luqine ngakumbi.
UDaniel Ikenson, umlawuli wezorhwebo, utyalo-mali kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kwi-Asia Public Policy Institute, uxelele i-VOA ukuba ukholelwa ukuba i-United States, iSouth Korea kunye neJapan zilinde ixesha elide kakhulu ukudala inkqubo yokulumkisa kwangethuba yothungelwano lokubonelela ngeenkonzo (EWS).
U-Ikenson uthe ukuphunyezwa kwe-EWS “kwakufanele ukuba kukhawuleziswe kudala ngaphambi kokuba i-United States iqale ukuqwalasela imiqathango yokuthunyelwa kwee-semiconductors kunye nezinye iimveliso zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eTshayina.”
Ngomhla wama-20 kweyeDwarha, uMphathiswa wezoRhwebo waseTshayina ubhengeze imiqathango yamva nje yaseBeijing yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwezinto ezibalulekileyo zeebhetri zezithuthi zombane, emva kweentsuku ezintathu iWashington ibhengeze imiqathango yokuthengiswa kwee-semiconductors eziphezulu eTshayina, kuquka neetships zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa eziphucukileyo ezivela kumenzi weetships waseMelika uNvidia.
ISebe lezoRhwebo lithe ukuthengiswa kuvaliwe kuba iTshayina ingasebenzisa iitships ukuqhubela phambili uphuhliso lwayo lomkhosi.
Ngaphambili, iTshayina, ukususela nge-1 ka-Agasti, yayithintela ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-gallium kunye ne-germanium, ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ii-semiconductors.
“Ezi zithintelo zintsha ngokucacileyo ziyilwe yiTshayina ukubonisa ukuba zingayicothisa inkqubela phambili yase-US kwizithuthi zombane ezicocekileyo,” utshilo uTroy Svangarone, umlawuli ophezulu weKorea Economic Research Institute.
IWashington, iSeoul kunye neTokyo bavumelene kwintlanganiso yeCamp David ngo-Agasti ukuba baza kuqalisa iprojekthi yovavanyo lwe-EWS ukuchonga ukuthembela kakhulu kwilizwe elinye kwiiprojekthi ezibalulekileyo, kuquka izimbiwa ezibalulekileyo kunye neebhetri, kunye nokwabelana ngolwazi ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka.
La mazwe mathathu avumile nokudala "iindlela ezincedisanayo" nge-Indo-Pacific Economic Prosperity Framework (IPEF) ukuphucula ukuqina kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngeenkonzo.
Ulawulo lukaBiden lwaqalisa i-IPEF ngoMeyi ka-2022. Inkqubo-sikhokelo yentsebenziswano ibonwa njengelinge lamazwe ali-14 angamalungu, kuquka i-US, iSouth Korea kunye neJapan, lokulwa nempembelelo yezoqoqosho yaseTshayina kulo mmandla.
Ngokuphathelele ulawulo lokuthumela ngaphandle, isithethi se-Embassy yaseTshayina uLiu Pengyu uthe urhulumente waseTshayina ngokubanzi ulawula ulawulo lokuthumela ngaphandle ngokuhambelana nomthetho kwaye akajolisi nakweliphi na ilizwe okanye ummandla othile okanye nasiphi na isiganeko esithile.
Ukwathe iChina isoloko izibophelele ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwemizi-mveliso yehlabathi kunye neekhonkco zokubonelela kwaye iya kubonelela ngeelayisenisi zokuthumela ngaphandle ezithobela imigaqo efanelekileyo.
Wongeze ngelithi “iTshayina ngumakhi, umdali kunye nomlondolozi wemixokelelwane yemizi-mveliso yehlabathi kunye neenkonzo zobonelelo ezizinzileyo nezingenakuphazamiseka” kwaye “izimisele ukusebenza namaqabane ehlabathi ukunamathela kwi-multilateralism yokwenyani kunye nokugcina uzinzo lwemixokelelwane yemizi-mveliso yehlabathi kunye neenkonzo zobonelelo.”
Abavelisi beebhetri zezithuthi zombane baseMzantsi Korea bebezama ukugcina igrafiti eninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukusukela oko iBeijing yabhengeza imiqathango kwigrafiti. Ukunikezelwa kwezixhobo kwihlabathi jikelele kulindeleke ukuba kwehla njengoko iBeijing ifuna abathengisi baseTshayina ukuba bafumane iilayisenisi ukususela ngoDisemba.
UMzantsi Korea uthembele kakhulu kwiTshayina ekuveliseni i-graphite esetyenziswa kwii-anode zebhetri zezithuthi zombane (inxalenye yebhetri etshajelwe kakubi). Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuSeptemba kulo nyaka, ngaphezulu kwe-90% ye-graphite yaseMzantsi Korea evela eTshayina.
UHan Koo Yeo, owayengumphathiswa wezorhwebo eMzantsi Korea ukususela ngo-2021 ukuya ku-2022 kwaye wayengumntu wokuqala ukubandakanyeka kuphuhliso lwe-IPEF, uthe imiqathango yamva nje yokuthumela ngaphandle kweBeijing iya kuba “luvuko olukhulu” kumazwe afana neSouth Korea, iJapan neTshayina. UMzantsi Korea”. I-United States kunye nenani elincinci lamazwe lixhomekeke kwi-graphite evela eTshayina.
Okwangoku, uYang uxelele iVOA Korean ukuba lo mda "ngumzekelo ogqibeleleyo" wokuba kutheni le nkqubo yovavanyo kufuneka ikhawuleziswe.
“Into ephambili yindlela yokujongana nale meko yengxaki.” Nangona ingekabi yingxubakaxaka enkulu okwangoku, “imarike ixhalabile kakhulu, iinkampani nazo zixhalabile, kwaye ukungaqiniseki kukhulu kakhulu,” utshilo uYang, ngoku ongumphandi ophezulu kwiPeterson Institute for International Economics.
Uthe uMzantsi Korea, iJapan kunye ne-United States kufuneka zichonge ubuthathaka kwiinethiwekhi zazo zokuhambisa izinto kwaye zikhuthaze intsebenziswano karhulumente wabucala efunekayo ukuxhasa ulwakhiwo lwamazwe amathathu oluza kudalwa ngamazwe amathathu.
UYang wongeze ngelithi phantsi kwale nkqubo, iWashington, iSeoul kunye neTokyo kufuneka zitshintshiselane ngolwazi, zifune imithombo eyahlukileyo ukuze zihlukane nokuxhomekeka kwilizwe elinye, kwaye zikhawulezise uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji entsha eyahlukileyo.
Uthe amazwe ali-11 aseleyo e-IPEF kufuneka enze okufanayo kwaye asebenzisane ngaphakathi kwesakhelo se-IPEF.
Xa sele kukho isakhelo sokumelana nokuthengwa kwezinto, utshilo, "kubalulekile ukusisebenzisa."
ISebe leMicimbi yaseMelika ngoLwesithathu libhengeze ukudalwa kweNethiwekhi yoTyalo-mali lweMigodi ebalulekileyo kunye noKhuseleko lweMigodi oluGuquliweyo, ubudlelwane obutsha phakathi kukarhulumente nabucala kunye neZiko leeNkqubo zoBuchule beMigodi ebalulekileyo kwiOfisi yeMali ukuze kukhuthazwe utyalo-mali kwiindlela zokubonelela ngezimbiwa ezibalulekileyo.
I-SAFE yintlangano engakhethi cala ekhuthaza izisombululo zamandla ezikhuselekileyo, ezizinzileyo nezizinzileyo.
NgoLwesithathu, ulawulo lukaBiden lukwabize umjikelo wesixhenxe weengxoxo ze-IPEF eziza kubanjelwa eSan Francisco ukususela nge-5 ukuya kwi-12 kaNovemba ngaphambi kwengqungquthela ye-Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ngomhla we-14 kaNovemba, ngokutsho kweOfisi yoMmeli wezoRhwebo wase-US.
“Icandelo le-supply chain yenkqubo yezoqoqosho yase-Indo-Pacific liphelele kakhulu kwaye imiqathango yalo kufuneka iqondwe ngokubanzi emva kwengqungquthela ye-APEC eSan Francisco,” utshilo u-Ikenson we-Asia Society eCamp David.
U-Ikenson wongeze wathi: “I-China iza kwenza konke okusemandleni ayo ukunciphisa iindleko zolawulo lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yi-United States kunye namaqabane ayo. Kodwa iBeijing iyazi ukuba ekuhambeni kwexesha, iWashington, iSeoul, iTokyo kunye neBrussels ziza kuphinda kabini utyalo-mali kwimveliso yehlabathi jikelele kunye nokucocwa kwayo. Ukuba usebenzisa uxinzelelo oluninzi, kuya kutshabalalisa ishishini labo.”
UGene Berdichevsky, umseki kunye ne-CEO yeSila Nanotechnologies ese-Alameda, eCalifornia, uthe imiqathango yaseTshayina yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwegrafiti inokukhawulezisa uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesilicon endaweni yegrafiti njengesithako esibalulekileyo ekwenzeni ii-anode zebhetri. EMoses Lake, eWashington.
“Isenzo seTshayina sigxininisa ubuthathaka benkqubo yokubonelela ngoku kunye nesidingo sezinye iindlela,” uBerdichevsky uxelele intatheli yaseKorea yeVOA.
UBerdichevsky wongeze ngelithi abenzi beemoto bayakhawuleza ukuya kwi-silicon kwiindlela zabo zokubonelela ngeebhetri zezithuthi zombane, ngenxa yokusebenza okuphezulu kwee-silicon anodes. Ii-silicon anodes zitshaja ngokukhawuleza.
UStangarone weKorea Economic Research Institute uthe: “ITshayina kufuneka ihlale inethemba lemarike ukuze ithintele iinkampani ekufuneni ezinye izinto ezithengiswayo. Ngaphandle koko, iya kukhuthaza abathengisi baseTshayina ukuba bahambe ngokukhawuleza.”
Ixesha leposi: Agasti-28-2024