Sezvo vagadziri vemabhatiri emagetsi ekuSouth Korea vachigadzirira zvirambidzo zvekutengeswa kwegrafiti kubva kuChina zvichitanga kushanda mwedzi unouya, vaongorori vanoti Washington, Seoul neTokyo dzinofanira kukurumidzisa zvirongwa zvekuedza zvine chinangwa chekuita kuti cheni dzemagetsi dzirambe dzakasimba.
Daniel Ikenson, mukuru wezvekutengeserana, kudyara mari uye hunyanzvi paAsia Public Policy Institute, akaudza VOA kuti anotenda kuti United States, South Korea neJapan dzakamirira kwenguva yakareba kuti dzigadzire hurongwa hwekunyevera vanhu nezvekutengesa (EWS).
Ikenson akati kuiswa kweEWS "kwaifanira kunge kwakakurumidziswa kare United States isati yatanga kufunga nezvezvirambidzo pakutengeswa kwemidziyo ye semiconductor nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvetekinoroji yepamusoro kuChina."
Musi wa20 Gumiguru, Bazi rezvekutengeserana reChina rakazivisa zvirambidzo zveBeijing zvekutumira kunze kwenyika zvinhu zvakakosha zvemabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi, mazuva matatu mushure mekunge Washington yazivisa zvirambidzo zvekutengesa ma semiconductor emhando yepamusoro kuChina, kusanganisira machipisi ehungwaru ekugadzira zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro kubva kukambani yekugadzira machipisi yeUS Nvidia.
Dhipatimendi rezvekutengeserana rakati kutengesa kwacho kwakavharwa nekuti China inogona kushandisa machipisi kufambisira mberi budiriro yayo yemauto.
Kare, China, kubva musi wa1 Nyamavhuvhu, yakaganhurira kutengeswa kwegallium negermanium kunze kwenyika, izvo zvinoshandiswa kugadzira semiconductors.
"Zvirambidzo zvitsva izvi zvakagadzirwa neChina kuratidza kuti zvinogona kunonotsa kufambira mberi kweUS pamotokari dzemagetsi dzakachena," akadaro Troy Svangarone, mukuru weKorea Economic Research Institute.
Washington, Seoul neTokyo vakabvumirana pamusangano weCamp David muna Nyamavhuvhu kuti vaizotanga chirongwa chekuedza cheEWS chekuona kuvimba zvakanyanya nenyika imwe chete mumapurojekiti akakosha, anosanganisira zvicherwa zvakakosha nemabhatiri, uye kugovana ruzivo kuderedza kukanganiswa kwecheni yekugovera.
Nyika nhatu idzi dzakabvumiranawo kugadzira "nzira dzinobatsirana" kuburikidza neIndo-Pacific Economic Prosperity Framework (IPEF) yekuvandudza kugona kwekutengesa zvinhu.
Hutungamiriri hwaBiden hwakatanga IPEF muna Chivabvu 2022. Hurongwa hwekushandira pamwe hunoonekwa sekuyedza kwenyika gumi neina dziri nhengo, kusanganisira US, South Korea neJapan, kurwisa pesvedzero yehupfumi yeChina munharaunda iyi.
Nezvekudzora kutengeswa kwezvinhu kunze kwenyika, mutauriri weEmbassy yeChina, Liu Pengyu, akati hurumende yeChina inowanzo dzora kudzorwa kwezvinhu kunze kwenyika zvichienderana nemutemo uye haitarisiri chero nyika kana dunhu kana chero chiitiko chaicho.
Akatiwo China inogara yakazvipira kuona kuchengetedzeka nekugadzikana kwemaindasitiri epasi rose uye macheni ekutengesa zvinhu uye ichapa marezenisi ekutengesa zvinhu kunze kwenyika anotevedzera mitemo yakakodzera.
Akawedzera kuti "China muvaki, muvambi pamwe chete uye muchengeti wezvemaindasitiri nemidziyo yepasi rose zvakagadzikana uye zvisingachinjiki" uye "inoda kushanda nevatinoshanda navo pasi rose kuti vatevedzere mutemo wechokwadi wekubatana kwenyika dzakawanda uye kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwezvemaindasitiri nemidziyo yepasi rose."
Vagadziri vemabhatiri emagetsi vekuSouth Korea vanga vachiedza kuunganidza graphite yakawanda sezvinobvira kubva Beijing yazivisa zvirambidzo pa graphite. Zvinhu zvinotengeswa pasi rose zvinotarisirwa kudzikira sezvo Beijing ichida kuti vatengesi vekuChina vatengese marezenisi kutanga muna Zvita.
South Korea inovimba zvikuru neChina pakugadzira graphite inoshandiswa muma anode emabhatiri emotokari yemagetsi (chikamu chebhatiri chine chaji isina kunaka). Kubva muna Ndira kusvika Gunyana gore rino, zvinopfuura 90% yezvinhu zvinotengwa neSouth Korea zvakabva kuChina.
Han Koo Yeo, uyo akashanda segurukota rezvekutengeserana muSouth Korea kubva muna 2021 kusvika 2022 uye aive mumwe wevakatanga kubatanidzwa mukuvandudzwa kweIPEF, akati mitemo mitsva yeBeijing yekutengesera kunze kwenyika ichave "chiyeuchidzo chikuru" kune nyika dzakadai seSouth Korea, Japan neChina. South Korea". United States nedzimwe nyika shoma dzinoshandisa graphite kubva kuChina.
Zvichakadaro, Yang akaudza VOA Korean kuti muganho uyu "muenzaniso wakakwana" wekuti sei chirongwa chekutanga ichi chichifanira kukurumidziswa.
"Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti ungagadzirisa sei nguva ino yedambudziko." Kunyangwe zvisati zvave nyonganyonga huru, "musika uri kutya zvikuru, makambani ari kunetsekawo, uye kusava nechokwadi kwakakura," akadaro Yang, iye zvino ari muongorori mukuru wePeterson Institute for International Economics.
Akati South Korea, Japan neUnited States dzinofanira kuona kushaya simba kuri mumakambani avo ekutengesa zvinhu uye kukurudzira kushandira pamwe kwehurumende dzepachivande kunodiwa kutsigira hurongwa hwenyika nhatu dzichagadzirwa nenyika nhatu idzi.
Yang akawedzera kuti pasi pechirongwa ichi, Washington, Seoul neTokyo dzinofanira kuchinjana ruzivo, kutsvaga dzimwe nzira dzekusiyanisa kubva pakuvimba nenyika imwe chete, uye kukurumidzisa kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji itsva dzekuchinja.
Akati nyika gumi nerimwe dzasara dzeIPEF dzinofanira kuita zvimwe chetezvo uye kushanda pamwe chete mukati mehurongwa hweIPEF.
Kana hurongwa hwekugadzirisa matambudziko ekushandisa zvinhu hwangovapo, akadaro, "zvakakosha kuti hushande."
Dhipatimendi reHurumende reUS neChitatu rakazivisa kuumbwa kweCritical Energy Security and Transformational Minerals Investment Network, mubatanidzwa mutsva wehurumende nemakambani neCritical Minerals Strategy Center yeHofisi yeMari kuti ikurudzire mari muzvikamu zvakakosha zvekupa zvicherwa.
SAFE isangano risingaregi zvematongerwo enyika rinotsigira mhinduro dzesimba dzakachengeteka, dzinogara kwenguva refu uye dzinogara kwenguva refu.
NeChitatu, hurumende yaBiden yakakumbirawo kuti hurukuro dzeIPEF dziitwe muSan Francisco kubva musi wa5 Mbudzi kusvika 12 pamberi pemusangano weAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation musi wa14 Mbudzi, sekureva kweHofisi yeMumiriri wezvekutengeserana weUS.
"Chikamu chekutengesa zvinhu muhurongwa hwehupfumi hweIndo-Pacific chakazara uye mitemo yacho inofanira kunzwisiswa zvakanyanya mushure memusangano weAPEC muSan Francisco," akadaro Ikenson weAsia Society kuCamp David.
Ikenson akawedzera kuti: "China ichaita zvese zvainogona kuderedza mutengo wekudzora kutengesa kunze kwenyika neUnited States nevatsigiri vayo. Asi Beijing inoziva kuti nekufamba kwenguva, Washington, Seoul, Tokyo neBrussels dzichawedzera mari mukugadzira nekunatsa pasi rose. Kana ukanyanya kumanikidza, zvichaparadza bhizinesi ravo."
Gene Berdichevsky, muvambi pamwe chete uye CEO weSila Nanotechnologies iri kuAlameda, Calif., akati zvirambidzo zveChina pakutengeswa kwegraphite zvinogona kukurumidzisa kuvandudzwa nekushandiswa kwesilicon kutsiva graphite sechinhu chakakosha mukugadzira maanode emabhatiri. MuMoses Lake, Washington.
"Zvakaitwa neChina zvinoratidza kusasimba kwehurongwa hwekugovera huripo uye kudiwa kwezvimwe zvinhu," Berdichevsky akaudza mutori wenhau weVOA wekuKorea. "Zviratidzo zvemusika uye rutsigiro rwekuwedzera rwemitemo."
Berdichevsky akawedzera kuti vagadziri vemotokari vari kukurumidza kushandisa silicon mumabheteri avo emagetsi, chimwe chikonzero chiri chekuti ma silicon anode anoshanda zvakanyanya. Ma silicon anode anochaja nekukurumidza.
Stangarone weKorea Economic Research Institute akati: "China inofanira kuchengetedza chivimbo chemusika kudzivirira makambani kutsvaga zvimwe zvinhu. Zvikasadaro, zvichakurudzira vatengesi vekuChina kuti vabve nekukurumidza."
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-28-2024