Mu gihe inganda zikora bateri z'amashanyarazi zo muri Koreya y'Epfo zitegura amabwiriza yo kugabanya ibicuruzwa bya grafiti biva mu Bushinwa mu kwezi gutaha, abasesenguzi bavuga ko Washington, Seoul na Tokyo zikwiye kwihutisha gahunda z'igerageza zigamije gutuma urusobe rw'ibikoresho bigengwa n'amashanyarazi rurushaho gukomera.
Daniel Ikenson, umuyobozi w’ubucuruzi, ishoramari n’udushya muri Asia Public Policy Institute, yabwiye Ijwi ry’Amerika ko yizera ko Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Koreya y’Epfo n’Ubuyapani byategereje igihe kirekire cyane kugira ngo bishyireho uburyo bwo kuburira abantu hakiri kare (EWS).
Ikenson yavuze ko ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya EWS “ryagombaga kwihutishwa mbere yuko Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zitangira gutekereza ku nzitizi ku kohereza mu Bushinwa ibikoresho bya semiconductors n'ibindi bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.”
Ku ya 20 Ukwakira, Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi y’Ubushinwa yatangaje ko Beijing igiye guhagarika kohereza mu mahanga ibikoresho by’ingenzi bya bateri z’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, nyuma y’iminsi itatu Washington itangaje ko igiye guhagarika kugurisha ibikoresho bya semiconductors byo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu Bushinwa, harimo n’ibikoresho by’ubutasi by’ubukorano byakozwe na Nvidia wo muri Amerika ukora chips.
Ishami ry’Ubucuruzi ryavuze ko kugurisha byahagaritswe kubera ko Ubushinwa bushobora gukoresha izi chips mu guteza imbere iterambere ryabwo rya gisirikare.
Mbere yaho, Ubushinwa, kuva ku ya 1 Kanama, bwagabanyije kohereza hanze gallium na germanium, bikoreshwa mu gukora semiconductors.
“Aya mategeko mashya yashyizweho n’Ubushinwa kugira ngo yerekane ko ashobora kudindiza iterambere rya Amerika ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zisukuye,” ibi byavuzwe na Troy Svangarone, umuyobozi mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Bukungu cya Koreya.
Washington, Seoul na Tokyo bemeranyije mu nama ya Camp David muri Kanama ko bazatangiza umushinga w’igerageza wa EWS kugira ngo bamenye niba igihugu kimwe gishingira cyane ku mishinga y’ingenzi, irimo amabuye y’agaciro n’amabateri, kandi basangire amakuru kugira ngo bagabanye ibibazo by’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa.
Ibihugu bitatu kandi byemeye gushyiraho "uburyo bwuzuzanya" binyuze mu Mushinga w’Ubukungu bw’Indo-Pacific (IPEF) kugira ngo binoze ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ibicuruzwa.
Ubutegetsi bwa Biden bwatangije IPEF muri Gicurasi 2022. Uru rwego rw'ubufatanye rufatwa nk'igerageza ry'ibihugu 14 bigize umuryango, birimo Amerika, Koreya y'Epfo n'Ubuyapani, mu kurwanya ingaruka z'ubukungu bw'Ubushinwa mu karere.
Ku bijyanye no kugenzura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, umuvugizi wa Ambasade y'Ubushinwa, Liu Pengyu, yavuze ko muri rusange guverinoma y'Ubushinwa igenzura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga hakurikijwe amategeko kandi ko idashaka kwibasira igihugu cyangwa akarere runaka cyangwa ikindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyabayeho.
Yavuze kandi ko Ubushinwa buhora bwiyemeje kurinda umutekano n’ituze by’inganda n’imiyoboro y’ibicuruzwa ku isi, kandi ko buzatanga impushya zo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga zikurikije amabwiriza abigenga.
Yongeyeho ko “Ubushinwa ari ubwubatsi, bufatanyije mu guhanga no kubungabunga uruhererekane rw’inganda n’ibicuruzwa ku isi ruhamye kandi rudahungabana” kandi “bwiteguye gukorana n’abafatanyabikorwa ku isi kugira ngo bukurikize amasezerano nyayo y’ibihugu byinshi kandi bukomeze umutekano w’inganda n’ibicuruzwa ku isi.”
Abakora bateri z'amashanyarazi bo muri Koreya y'Epfo bagiye bihatira kwegeranya grafiti nyinshi zishoboka kuva Beijing yatangaza ko hazabaho guhagarika grafiti. Biteganijwe ko ibicuruzwa ku isi bizagabanuka mu gihe Beijing isaba ko abashoramari bo mu Bushinwa bohereza ibicuruzwa hanze babona impushya guhera mu Kuboza.
Koreya y'Epfo yishingikiriza cyane ku Bushinwa mu gukora grafiti ikoreshwa mu bikoresho by'amashanyarazi bya batiri (igice cy'imashini ikoresha umuriro mu buryo butari bwiza). Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Nzeri uyu mwaka, ibirenga 90% by'ibicuruzwa bya grafiti bya Koreya y'Epfo byaturutse mu Bushinwa.
Han Koo Yeo, wabaye Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi wa Koreya y’Epfo kuva mu 2021 kugeza 2022 akaba n’umwe mu bagize uruhare rwa mbere mu iterambere rya IPEF, yavuze ko ingamba nshya zo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga muri Beijing zizaba "igitekerezo gikomeye" ku bihugu nka Koreya y’Epfo, Ubuyapani n’Ubushinwa, Koreya y’Epfo. Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’ibihugu bike bikoresha grafiti iva mu Bushinwa.
Hagati aho, Yang yabwiye VOA Korean ko iki gipimo ari "urugero rwiza" rw'impamvu gahunda y'igerageza igomba kwihutishwa.
“Igikuru ni uburyo bwo guhangana n’iki gihe cy’ibibazo bikomeye.” Nubwo bitarahinduka akajagari gakomeye, “isoko rirahangayika cyane, amasosiyete nayo arahangayitse, kandi ikibazo cyo kutizerana ni kinini cyane,” ibi byavuzwe na Yang, ubu akaba ari umushakashatsi mukuru w’ikigo cya Peterson Institute for International Economics.
Yavuze ko Koreya y'Epfo, Ubuyapani na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bigomba kugaragaza intege nke ziri mu miyoboro yabo y'ibicuruzwa no guteza imbere ubufatanye bwa guverinoma zigenga bukenewe kugira ngo bushyigikire imiterere y'ibihugu bitatu ibihugu bitatu bizashyiraho.
Yang yongeyeho ko muri iyi gahunda, Washington, Seoul na Tokyo bagomba guhanahana amakuru, bagashaka andi masoko yo gutandukana no kwishingikiriza ku gihugu kimwe, kandi bakihutisha iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rishya.
Yavuze ko ibihugu 11 bisigaye bya IPEF bikwiye kubikora kandi bigafatanya mu buryo bwa IPEF.
Yagize ati: “Ni ngombwa gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo guhangana n’ingaruka z’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa.”
Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ya Amerika yatangaje ku wa Gatatu ko hashyizweho ihuriro ry’ishoramari mu by’ingufu zikomeye no mu guhindura imiterere y’amabuye y’agaciro, ubufatanye bushya hagati ya leta n’abikorera ku giti cyabo n’ikigo gishinzwe ingamba z’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ishoramari mu miyoboro y’amabuye y’agaciro y’ingenzi.
SAFE ni umuryango udafite aho ubogamiye uharanira ibisubizo by’ingufu mu buryo bwizewe, burambye kandi burambye.
Ku wa gatatu, ubuyobozi bwa Biden bwasabye kandi ko ibiganiro bya IPEF bizabera i San Francisco kuva ku ya 5 kugeza ku ya 12 Ugushyingo mbere y’inama y’ubufatanye mu bukungu hagati ya Aziya na Pasifika izaba ku ya 14 Ugushyingo, nk’uko ibiro by’uhagarariye ubucuruzi muri Amerika bibitangaza.
“Igice cy’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa mu bukungu bwa Indo-Pasifika ahanini cyuzuye kandi amasezerano yacyo agomba kumvikana neza nyuma y’inama ya APEC i San Francisco,” ibi byavuzwe na Ikenson wo muri Asia Society muri Camp David.
Ikenson yongeyeho ati: “Ubushinwa buzakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo bugabanye ikiguzi cy’igenzura ry’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ryakozwe na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’ibihugu bifitanye isano nabwo. Ariko Beijing izi ko mu gihe kirekire, Washington, Seoul, Tokyo na Buruseli bizakuba kabiri ishoramari mu musaruro no gutunganya ibicuruzwa ku isi. Iyo ushyize igitutu kinini, bizasenya ubucuruzi bwabo.”
Gene Berdichevsky, umwe mu bashinze akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru wa Sila Nanotechnologies i Alameda, muri leta ya California, yavuze ko kubuza kohereza grafiti mu mahanga mu Bushinwa bishobora kwihutisha iterambere n'ikoreshwa rya silicon mu gusimbura grafiti nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gukora anode za bateri. I Moses Lake, muri leta ya Washington.
“Ibikorwa by’Ubushinwa bigaragaza intege nke z’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa biriho ubu ndetse n’uko hakenewe andi mahitamo,” Berdichevsky yabwiye umunyamakuru wa Koreya wa VOA. “ibimenyetso by’isoko n’inkunga y’inyongera kuri politiki.”
Berdichevsky yongeyeho ko abakora imodoka barimo kwihuta cyane bakajya kuri silicon mu miyoboro yabo y'amashanyarazi, bitewe n'imikorere myiza ya silicon anode. Silicon anode zishyushya vuba.
Stangarone wo mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi ku bukungu cya Koreya yagize ati: “Ubushinwa bugomba gukomeza kugira icyizere ku isoko kugira ngo hirindwe ko amasosiyete ashaka ibindi bikoresho. Bitabaye ibyo, bizashishikariza abacuruza ibicuruzwa b’Abashinwa kuva aho vuba.”
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-28-2024