Ua tsaug rau koj mus saib xwm txheej. Tus browser version koj siv tau muaj kev txhawb nqa CSS txwv. Rau qhov kev paub zoo tshaj plaws, peb xav kom koj siv qhov browser hloov tshiab (lossis xiam oob qhab sib haum hom hauv Internet Explorer). Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm, los xyuas kom meej kev txhawb nqa txuas ntxiv, peb yuav muab lub vev xaib tsis muaj cov qauv thiab JavaScript.
Hauv txoj haujlwm no, RGO / NZVI composites tau synthesized nplooj ntoos extract raws li cov ntsiab lus txo qis thiab stabistry, xws li tsis tshua muaj teeb meem tshuaj ststemes. Ob peb cov cuab yeej tau siv los siv tau cov khoom siv sib xyaw, xws li Sem, Edx, XPS, thiab Zeta muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo li cas. Lub peev xwm kev tshem tawm ntawm cov ntawv tshiab sib xyaw thiab ntshiab nzvi ntawm ntau qhov kev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv synergistic ntawm rgo thiab nzvi. Nyob rau hauv kev tshem tawm ntawm 25mg L-1, 25G L-1, 25G, cov ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm RGE NZVI yog 90%, thaum lees paub tias nzvi thiab rgo. Adsorption cov txheej txheem sib raug zoo rau pseudo-thib ob thiab yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv pom zoo thib ob nrog kev tshaj tawm freundlich nrog qhov kev kawm tau zoo siab ntawm DC tau npaj tseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev rov qab los ntawm RGO / Nzvi Composite yog 60% tom qab rau ncua kev sib law liag.
Dej tsis txaus ntseeg thiab muaj kuab paug tam sim no yog qhov kev hem thawj loj rau txhua lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, dej muaj kuab paug, muaj nce rau cov tshuaj tua paug, tau nce ntxiv vim muaj kev nce ntau ntxiv thiab kev noj mov thaum lub sijhawm ntawm covdid-19 Pandemic1,2,3. Yog li ntawd, kev txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis rau kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv dej khib nyiab yog ib txoj haujlwm sai.
Ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv semi-synthetic tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm pab pawg tetracotics yog doxycycline (DC) 4,5. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias DC seem hauv cov dej hauv av thiab cov dej saum npoo av tsis tuaj yeem tso tawm mus rau ib puag ncig, ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv ib puag ncig.
Raug rau DC ntawm theem qis tuaj yeem tua tau cov kab mob phoulganthetic cov kab mob, thiab ua rau cov kab mob antimicrobial, yog li qhov no yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm cov khib nyiab. Lub ntuj oachadation ntawm DC hauv dej yog cov txheej txheem qeeb. Cov txheej txheem siv tshuaj physico-tshuaj lom neeg xws li Photolysis, biodegradation thiab adsorption tsuas yog demrade ntawm cov kev sib haum xeeb thiab ntawm qhov tsawg tsawg kawg) thiab ntawm cov nqi tsawg heev thiab tsawg kawg. Txawm li cas los xij, kev lag luam ntau tshaj plaws, yooj yim, ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, yooj yim los daws thiab cov qauv kev kawm tau zoo yog Adsorption9,10.
Nano xoom valent hlau (nzvi) yog cov khoom muaj zog heev uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntau cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm dej, nrog rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob me, nrog rau, diazepam, ciprofloppshenicol, thiab tetralycline. Qhov kev muaj peev xwm no yog vim muaj cov khoom lag luam zoo uas NZVI muaj, xws li cov kev pheej hmoo siab, thaj chaw loj sab nraud, thiab ntau cov chaw sib dhos sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, nzvi yog nquag dhau los sib sau ua ke vim yog cov khoom siv van vim tias muaj cov txheej txheem oxide uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm nzvi10,12. Lub agglomeration ntawm nzvi hais tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm kev kho lawv cov chaw uas muaj pov thawj los txhim kho lawv txoj kev ruaj ntseg los txhim kho lawv txoj kev ruaj ntseg hauv ib puag ncig [11 ],14.
Graphene yog ob-seem ntawm cov pa roj nanomaterial muaj ntawm SP2-hybridized carbon atoms teem rau hauv honeycomb lattice. Nws muaj thaj chaw loj thaj chaw, cov kws kho tshuab hluav taws xob muaj zog, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, thiab cov cab kuj muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kom pab txhawb cov nanoparticles ntawm nws cov nplaim dej. Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau nanoparticles thiab graphene tuaj yeem tshaj li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txhua tus neeg thiab tshuaj lom neeg zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nanoparticles rau kev kho dej haus dej ntau dua.
Cov nroj tsuag cov khoom siv yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tshuaj lom neeg txo cov tshuaj lom neeg (rgo) thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo, thiab tuaj yeem siv raws li txo cov neeg sawv cev. Zoo li flavonoids thiab phenolic tebchaw kuj ua raws li lub stabilizer. Yog li ntawd, Atriplex Halimus L. nplooj tawm tau siv los ua kev kho thiab kaw cov neeg sawv cev rau cov xwm txheej ntawm RGO / NZVI composites hauv txoj kev kawm no. Atriplex Halimus los ntawm tsev neeg Amaranthaceae yog nitrogen-hlub perennial shrub nrog ntau thaj chaw dav dav.
Raws li cov ntawv sau muaj muaj, Atriplex Halimus (A. Halimus) tau siv thawj zaug los ua RGO / NZVI composites thiab ib puag ncig phooj ywg synthesis txoj kev. Yog li, lub hom phiaj ntawm cov haujlwm no muaj plaub ntu: (1) kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov kab ke siv los ntawm cov kab ke uas siv ntau yam kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob organic thiab tshem tawm cov organic paug ntawm Doxycycline tshuaj tua kab mob nyob rau hauv cov kev tawm tsam sib txawv, ua kom zoo tshaj plaws cov txheej txheem, (3) tshawb xyuas cov khoom siv adsorption hauv ntau txoj kev kho tom qab kev ua si.
Doxycycline hydrochloride (DC, MM = 480.90, chemical formula C22H24N2O·HCl, 98%), iron chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3.6H2O, 97%), graphite powder purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Sodium hydroxide (Naoh, 97%), ethanol (CCTANC (99.9%) thiab hydrochloric acid (Hyd, 37%) tau yuav los ntawm Merck, USA. Nacl, KCl, CCL2, MGCL2 tau yuav los ntawm Tianjin Comio Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas Reasent Co., Ltd. Txhua tus neeg reagent yog ntawm kev ntsuas siab. Ob leeg-distilled dej tau siv los npaj txhua cov kev daws teeb meem aqueous.
Cov ntawv sawv cev ntawm A. ib qho chaw nyob hauv ntuj nyob hauv Nile Delta thiab thaj av raws li Mediterranean ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Egypt. Cov khoom cog cov khoom siv tau sau ua raws li cov lus qhia hauv tebchaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb. Prof. Manal Fawzi tau txheeb xyuas cov nroj tsuag nroj tsuag raws li Boulos18, thiab Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Kawm Ib puag ncig ntawm Alexandria University of Scroofos. Cov qauv vouchers tau muaj nyob ntawm Tanta University Herbarium (TANE), vouchers nos. 14 122-14 127, Pej Xeem Hilbarium uas muaj kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tso pov tseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kom tshem tawm plua plav lossis av, txiav cov nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag ua tej daim me me, yaug 3 zaug nrog dej thiab dej distilled, thiab mam li qhuav ntawm 50 ° C. Cov nroj tsuag tau crushed, 5 g ntawm cov hmoov zoo yog raus hauv 100 ml ntawm distilled dej thiab do ntawm 70 ° C rau 20 min kom tau txais cov extract. Cov tau txais extract ntawm Bacillus Nicotianae tau lim los ntawm Whatman lim ntawv thiab muab khaws cia hauv cov leeg huv si thiab sterilized rau ntawm 4 ° C rau kev siv ntxiv.
Raws li muaj nyob hauv daim duab 1, lub Go yog tsim los ntawm graphite hmoov los ntawm kev hloov kho kev ua neeg Hummers. 10 mg ntawm mus hmoov tau dissed nyob rau hauv 50 ml ntawm dej deionized rau 30 min undicized dej rau 30 feeb nyob rau hauv sonication, thiab tom qab ntawd 0.9 g ntawm Fecl3 thiab 2.9 g ntawm Naac tau sib xyaw rau 60 min. 20 ml ntawm Atriplex nplooj ntawv Extract tau ntxiv rau lub stirred daws nrog nplawm thiab sab laug ntawm 80 ° C rau 8 teev. Qhov raug tshem tawm dub yog lim. Cov npaj nanocomposites tau ntxuav nrog ethanol thiab bidistilled dej thiab mam li qhuav hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev ntawm 50 ° C rau 12 teev.
Cov duab thiab cov duab kos duab ntawm cov khoom ntsuab ntawm RGE / NZVI thiab NZVI complexes thiab tshem tawm DC cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm cov dej tsis huv uas siv Atriplex Halimus extract.
Luv luv, raws li qhia hauv Daim duab 1, 10 ml ntawm cov cua nab kuab muaj ntxiv rau 20 feeb, uas tau ntxuav tawm hauv lub cev tawm hauv 14 feeb Lub qhov cub ntawm 60 ° C. dhau hmo.
Nroj-synthesized Rggo / Nzvi Composites tau cim los ntawm UV-Pom Spectrophotometers, Pg Cov Seev DotTd, UK) hauv kev ntsuas cua ntawm 200-800 nm. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov suprography thiab loj faib ntawm RGO / Nzvi compitites, tem spectroscopy (jem-2100f, nrawm voltage 200 kv) tau siv. Txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas cov pab pawg ua haujlwm uas tuaj yeem koom nrog cov nroj tsuag rho tawm lub luag haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv sib txuas lus, ft-ir spectroscopy tau nqa tawm (JASCO spectrometer nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 4000-600 cm-1). Tsis tas li ntawd, Zeta muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas tus neeg txhais lus (Zetasizer Nano zs malvern) tau siv los kawm txog tus nqi sib luag ntawm cov khoom siv nanomaterials. Rau xoo hluav taws diffraction ntsuas ntawm cov hmoov nanomaterials, xas ntawm lub teb chaws (40 m vol) nyob rau hauv 2 ° thiab Cuka1 hluav taws xob (\) Lub zog dispersive x-ray spectrometer (Edx) (qauv jsm-it100) yog qhov chaw sib tw ntawm cov khoom sib tw, USA) Cov hmoov qauv yog nias rau tus qauv tuav, uas tau muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev. C 1 S Spectrum tau siv raws li kev siv ntawm 284.58 EV los txiav txim siab lub zog los ntawm lub zog.
Adsorption kev sim tau nqa tawm los sim cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov synthesized rggo / nzvi nanocomposites hauv tshem Doxycycline (DC) los ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem aqueous. Adsorption kev sim tau ua nyob rau hauv 25 ml ErlenMeyer flasks ntawm ib tug orbital shaker (ssl1) ntawm 298 K. los ntawm diluting DC Tshuag kev daws (1000 PPM) nrog cov dej nyom. Txhawm rau ntsuas cov nyhuv ntawm cov RGO / NSVI noj ntawm kev ua tiav kev sib tw, 0.01-0.07 g) tau ntxiv rau 20 ml ntawm DC daws. Txhawm rau kawm cov kinetics thiab adsorption yog cov yog cov adsorbent, 0.05 g ntawm cov adsorbent tau raus hauv cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm kev ua kom pom kev zoo (25-100 mg l-1). Cov nyhuv ntawm PHEM ntawm DC tau kawm nyob rau hauv Ph (3-11) thiab kev sib tw pib ntawm 50 mg L-1 ntawm 25 ° C. Kho lub ph txog lub hauv paus los ntawm kev ntxiv ib qho nyiaj me me ntawm HCL lossis NAOh daws (Cab Meter, Ph 'Meter, Ph 25). Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub ntawm kev tshaj tawm kev sim hauv thaj tsam ntawm 25-55 ° C raug tshuaj xyuas. Cov nyhuv ntawm Ionic lub zog ntawm Adsorption cov txheej txheem tau kawm los ntawm kev ntxiv ntau yam ntawm DC ntawm kev pib ua haujlwm ntawm DC ntawm 50 MG L-1), PHT 1), 25 ° C, thiab adsorbent koob tshuaj 0.05 g. Cov adsorption ntawm cov tsis tau-adsorbed DC tau ntsuas siv cov nqaj siv LTD, UP-VE SPTETZE (λ0x) ntawm 270 thiab 350 nm. Qhov feem pua tshem tawm ntawm DC cov tshuaj tua kab mob (r%; eq. 1) thiab adsorption tus nqi ntawm DC, QT, EQ. 2 (mg / g) tau ntsuas siv cov kab sib luag hauv qab no.
Qhov twg% R yog qhov muaj peev xwm tshem tawm DC (%), Co yog thawj zaug DC kev xav tau thaum lub sijhawm 0, thiab C yog lub dc concentration nyob rau lub sijhawm T, ntsig (MG L-1).
Qhov twg qe yog tus nqi ntawm DC adsorbed ib chav tsev loj ntawm adserbent (mg g-1), v yog adsorption volle reagent (g).
SEM cov duab (Figs. 2A-c) Qhia cov lamellar morphaology ntawm RGE / nzvi composed uniformly dispersed undiformly dispersting ntawm nzvi nps mus rau rgo nto. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qee cov wrinkles hauv cov nplooj rgo, lees paub qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm cov pa-muaj cov pab pawg ua ke nrog kev rov qab muaj A. Halimus mus. Cov kab hluav taws xob loj no ua rau cov chaw rau kev thauj khoom ntawm cov hlau NPS. NZVI cov duab (Daim duab 2D-f) qhia tias Spherical Hlau NPS tau tawg, uas yog vim muaj cov txheej txheem ntawm cov nroj tsuag cov nroj tsuag extract. Lub particle loj sib txawv tsis pub dhau 15-26 nm. Txawm li cas los xij, qee thaj tsam muaj lub morporous morporology nrog cov qauv kev kos duab muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo nkauj DC lwg me me ntawm NZVI. Thaum lub Rosa Damascus Extract tau siv rau cov synthesis ntawm nzvi, cov tau txais NPS tau inomsomes, uas txo lawv cov kev ua tau zoo hauv CR (VI) ADSORTION thiab nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sijhawm 23. Cov txiaj ntsig tau ua ntu zus nrog cov nzvi synthesized los ntawm cov ntoo qhib thiab cov nplooj ntoo me me, uas yog feem ntau kheej kheej nanoparticles nrog ntau qhov Nanometer ntau yam tsis muaj kev sib tw pom tseeb.
SEM cov duab ntawm RGO / nzvi (AC), nzvi (d, e) composites thiab Edx qauv ntawm nzvi / rgo (h) thiab nzvi (h) composites.
Lub Websalal muaj cov nroj tsuag-synthesized Rggo / Nzvi composites tau kawm siv Edx (Daim duab 2G, h). Kev tshawb fawb pom tias NzVi yog muaj cov pa roj carbon (38.29% los ntawm cov huab hwm coj) thiab lwm yam (4,84% los ntawm Posphorus24 kuj tuaj yeem muab tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag rho tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, feem pua siab ntawm carbon thiab oxygen yog vim muaj cov phytochemicals los ntawm cov nroj tsuag rho tawm hauv substrace Nzvi kuaj. Cov ntsiab lus no yog cov tseem ceeb tshaj tawm ntawm RGO tab sis hauv ntau qhov sib piv: C (46.98 wt%), Edx kuj qhia txog lwm yam lus xws li S, yog siv. Cov C: o piv thiab cov hlau sib xyaw ua ke siv cov nplooj ntawv RGO / Halimus yog qhov zoo tshaj li siv cov duab muaj pes tsawg dua li siv cov nplooj ntawv eucaly no, raws li nws tau muaj ntau dua.%) Thiab FE (8.27 WT.%). WT%) 25. Nataša li al., 2022 qhia txog cov roj ntsha uas zoo sib xws ntawm cov nplooj ntoo roj ntoo thiab cov molecules tau muaj nyob rau hauv nplooj ntawv extract yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev txo cov txheej txheem.
Cov morphology ntawm nzvi synthesized nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag (Daim duab S2A, b) yog tej yam tsis sib xws tau pom vim van der wa der Waals rog thiab Ferromagnetism. Qhov no feem ntau granular thiab spherical particle particle yog nyob rau hauv kev pom zoo nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig SM. Kev soj ntsuam zoo sib xws tau pom los ntawm Didelatah li al. Xyoo 2021 thaum muaj Castor Taum Daim nplooj tawm tau siv nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm nzvi11. Ruelas Taverosa nplooj tawm siv raws li tus neeg sawv cev txo tus neeg sawv cev hauv NZVI tseem muaj ib lub hom ntawm 20 txog 40 nm26.
Hybrid RGO / NZVI COMPOSE / NZLI COMPOSS (FIG. S2C-D) qhia tias RGO yog qhov chaw pib ua haujlwm thiab cov chaw thauj khoom rau NZVI NPS; Qhov no lamellar morphology kuj tau lees paub tias kev ua tiav ntawm cov hlua khi. Tsis tas li ntawd, NZVI NPS muaj cov duab sib txawv nrog qhov ntau thiab tsawg los ntawm 5.32 txog 27 nm thiab tau kos rau hauv cov hlua yuav luag txhua yam yuav luag. Eucalyptus nplooj tawm extract tau siv los ua cov synthesize FE NPS / RGO; Lub sijhawm ua tiav kuj tau lees tias wrinkles nyob rau hauv lub rgo txheej txhim kho cov dispersion ntawm FE NPS thiab ntau dua li cov kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws tau txais los ntawm Bagheri li al. 28 Thaum cov neeg sau qoob loo uas siv cov tswv yim siv ultrasonic nrog cov hlau nruab nrab ntawm cov hlau nanoparticle loj ntawm kwv yees li 17.70 nm.
Lub ftir spectra ntawm A. Halimus, nzvi, mus, rgo / thiab rgo / nzvi composites yog qhia hauv figs. 3a. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov pab pawg nto nyob rau hauv nplooj ntawm A. "uas sib haum rau polyphenols, thiab 1244 CM-1, uas sib haum rau Carbantyl pawg tsim los ntawm cov protein. Lwm pawg neeg xws li Alkanes ntawm 2918 CM-1, Alkenes ntawm 1647 CM-1 thiab tau pom tias muaj kev rov qab los ntawm FE2] rau FE0 thiab mus rau RGO29. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, nzvi spectra qhia tib yam kev nqus tau peaks raws li iab suab thaj, tab sis nrog ib txoj haujlwm me me. Ib pab pawg khaus heev tau tshwm sim ntawm 3244 CM-1 txuam nrog Oh Ncab Qoob (Pheaks), CN -GHENDS OF C = ALIPEYS tau pom ntawm 1310 CM-1 thiab 1190 CM-1, Riam suav daws13. Lub ftir spectrum ntawm qhov pom muaj ntau cov pa-muaj cov pab pawg, suav nrog cov pab pawg alkoxy (co) ncab (co) Ncab (COB) Ib pab pawg ntawm C = C Ncab Qibrations ntawm 1619 CM-1, ib pawg band-1 thiab ib pab pawg ncab ntawm cov qauv hummering, uas ua tiav oxidating cov txheej txheem. Thaum sib piv cov RGO thiab RGO / NZVI composites nrog mus rau qee pawg ntawm 3270 CM-1, yog tsawg li c = 1, yog txo qis. Kev ploj, qhia tau tias muaj kev vam meej tshem tawm ntawm cov pa-muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm hauv kev mus los ntawm A. Halimus extract. Cov cwj pwm ntse tshiab ntawm Rgo ntawm C = C nro tau pom nyob ib ncig ntawm 1560 thiab 1405 cm-1, uas tau lees tias qhov txo qis ntawm mus rau rggo. Kev hloov pauv ntawm 1043 txog 1015 CM-1 thiab los ntawm 982 txog 918 CM-1 tau pom, tejzaum teb ntawm kev suav cog khoom :1,32. Weng li al., 2018 tseem pom ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj oxygenated txo cov roj ntsha, uas tau siv los ze zog ftir spectra pab pawg ua haujlwm. 33.
A. Ftir spectrum ntawm gallium, nzvi, rgo, mus, composite rgo / nzvi (a). RoentgenoGrammy Composites Regites, mus, nzvi thiab rgo / nzvi (b).
Qhov tsim ntawm RGO / NZVI thiab NZVI composites tau paub tseeb los ntawm x-ray diffraction qauv (Daim duab 3B). Kev siv ntau tshaj plaws fe0 ncov tau pom ntawm 2ɵ 44.5 °, sib xws rau Performance index (110) (JCPDS TSIS TAU. 06-0696) 11. Lwm lub ncov ntawm 35.1 ° ntawm (311) lub dav hlau yog ntaus nqi rau Mager information Fe3O4, 63.2 ° yuav muaj cov υ-feooh (jcpds tsis. 17-0536) 34. Lub xoo hluav taws xob qauv ntawm mus qhia qhov ntse lub ncov ntawm 2ɵ 10.3 ° thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab ke ntawm cov pa-muaj cov pab pawg ntawm Go35. Composite qauv ntawm RGO thiab RGO / NZVI sau tseg ntawm cov yam ploj ntawm tus yam ntxwv thiab kev tsim ntawm cov RGE thiab RGO / NZVI tau lees tias qhov kev vam meej rov qab los ntawm cov nroj tsuag cia. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov qauv rgo / nzvi, ntxiv peaks nrog rau lub ntxaij Lattice dav hlau ntawm 44.9 \ (^ \ (^ \ sac \), feem.
Lub Zeta muaj peev xwm yog lub peev xwm ntawm ionic txheej txuas rau saum npoo ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab cov tshuaj aftople ntawm cov khoom siv thiab ntsuas nws qhov kev ruaj khov37. Zeta muaj peev xwm tsom xam ntawm cov nroj tsuag-synthesized nzvi, mus, thiab rgo / nzvi compabites tau qhia lawv cov npoo, raws li qhia hauv daim duab S1A-c. Cov. Cov txiaj ntsig tshwm sim muaj ntau cov lus qhia uas hais txog cov kev daws teeb meem muaj tsawg dua -25 MV feem ntau qhia tau tias muaj electrostatic rov hais tawm ntawm cov hais no. Kev sib xyaw ntawm RGO thiab NZVI tso cai rau cov neeg sib xyaw kom tau txais cov nqi tsis zoo thiab yog li tau muaj kev ruaj khov dua li mus lossis nzvi ib leeg. Yog li ntawd, qhov tshwm sim ntawm electrostatic repulsion yuav ua rau kev tsim kom muaj kev sib tw ntawm cov ruaj khov rggo / nzvi39 composites. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm mus tso cai rau nws kom muaj tusyees dispersed nyob rau hauv ib lub hauv aqueous dispersed nyob rau hauv ib lub aflomeration, uas tsim cov peev xwm rau kev sib cuam tshuam nrog nzvi. Cov kev tsis zoo yuav cuam tshuam nrog lub xub ntiag ntawm cov pab pawg sib txawv hauv cov neeg iab me me thiab cov nroj tsuag extract los ua cov khoom siv thiab cov nroj tsuag, thiab cov kab hlau. Cov nroj tsuag nroj no tseem tuaj yeem ua cov neeg sawv cev capped, thaum lawv tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke ntawm lub nanoparticles thiab yog li nce lawv ruaj khov rau lawv cov kev ruaj khov40.
Lub ntsiab lus muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab lub sijhawm lub xeev ntawm NzVi thiab Rggi composites tau txiav txim siab los ntawm XPS (Daim duab 4). Tag nrho XPS txoj kev kawm tau pom tias tus RGO / Nzvi Composite yog tsuas yog muaj cov ntsiab lus c, o, thiab fe, thiab fe, thiab fe, thiab feed. 4f-h). Lub C1s Spectrum muaj peb lub ncov siab ntawm 284.59 ev, 286.21 EV thiab 288.21 Ev Andk8.21 Ev And C = O, ntsig txog. O1S Spectrum tau muab faib ua peb lub ncov, suav nrog 532.17 EV, 532.45 EV, uas tau muab rau rau O = CO, thiab tsis muaj ib pab neeg, feem ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, lub peaks ntawm 710.43, 714.57 thiab 724.79 ev ntawm FE 23/2, FE P1 / 2, feem. XPS spectra ntawm nzvi (Daim duab 4C-e) pom peaks rau cov ntsiab c, o, thiab fe. Peaks ntawm 284.77, 286.25, thiab 287.62 ev lees paub muaj cov hlau-alloys, raws li lawv xa mus rau CC, C-Oh, ntsig txog. O1s Spectrum tau raug rau peb lub siab c-o / iron carbonate (531.19 ev), Hydroxyl Radical (532.4 EV) thiab o-o (533.43.47 EV). Lub ncov ntawm 719.6 yog ntaus nqi rau FE0, thaum FEOOH qhia peaks ntawm 717.3 thiab 723.8 EV qhia tau tias muaj kev ua Fe2O342.43.43.
XPS kev tshawb fawb ntawm NZVI thiab RGO / NZVI sib xyaw, ntsig txog (a, b). Tag nrho Spectra ntawm NZVI C1S (c), FE2P (d) thiab RGO / NZVI C1S (F), O1s (H) Composite.
N2 adsorption / Desorption Isotherm (Daim duab 5A, b) qhia tau tias cov neeg siv NzVi thiab Rggi thiab RGO / NZVI composites koom nrog hom II. Ib qho ntxiv, thaj tsam nto tshwj xeeb (SBET Qhov txiaj ntsig no tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm cov khoom sib nqus ntawm NZVI tom qab RGO blinding thiab nce thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw sib xyaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li qhia hauv Daim duab 5C, lub pore ntim (8.94 nm) ntawm tus RGO / Nzvi composite yog siab dua li ntawm tus thawj Nzvi (2.873 nm). Qhov txiaj ntsig no yog nyob rau hauv kev pom zoo nrog el-monaem et al. 45.
Txhawm rau ntsuas cov adsorption muaj peev xwm tshem tawm DC nruab nrab ntawm cov rgo / nzvi composites, ib qho kev sib piv tau ua los ntawm kev ntxiv ntawm txhua adsorbent (0.05 g) rau dc ntawm ntau qhov kev sib tw pib. Tshawb xyuas cov tshuaj [25]. -100 mg L-1] ntawm 25 ° C. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias kev tshem tawm efficiency (94.6%) ntawm cov lej RGO / NZVI tau siab dua li ntawm cov thawj Nzvi (90%) ntawm qhov qis dua (25 mg l-1). Txawm li cas los xij, thaum pib qhov kev pom tau nce ntxiv rau 100 mg L-1, feem ntau ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov chaw nquag thiab ua kom nquag plias. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, rgo / nzvi pom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm DC kev tshem tawm, uas yuav muaj ntau dua, thiab cov DCTOR Ib qho ntxiv, hauv Daim Duab. 6b qhia tau tias qhov muaj peev xwm adsorption ntawm RGO / Nzvi composites nce los ntawm 9.4 mg / g thiab 9 lub siab, nrog kev nce qib los ntawm 25-100 mg / l. -1.1 Txog 28.73 MG G-1. Yog li ntawd, tus nqi tshem tawm DC yog qhov tsis zoo nrog lub dc pib, uas yog vim muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev kawm thiab tshem tawm DC hauv kev daws. Yog li, nws tuaj yeem xaus ntawm cov txiaj ntsig no cov compositption rgo / nzvi muaj kev ua tiav zoo ntawm RGO / NZVI tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si adsorbent thiab raws li cov khoom siv cab.
Kev tshem tawm kev ua tau zoo thiab DC adsorption muaj peev xwm rau tus lej RGO / NZVI thiab NZVI thiab NZVI thiab NZVI thiab NZV L-1, T = 25 ° C, tshuaj = 0.05 g], pH. On adsorption muaj peev xwm thiab kev tshem tawm DC ntawm RGO / Nzvi Composites (C) [CO = 3-11, t = 25 ° = 0.05 g].
Daws PH yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kawm cov txheej txheem adsorption, vim nws cuam tshuam txog kev ionization, kev qhia ntawv, thiab ionization ntawm adsorbent. Qhov kev sim tau nqa tawm ntawm 25 ° C nrog cov ntawv tshaj tawm tas li (0.05 g) thiab tus thawj lub siab ntawm 50 mg L-1 hauv phua (3-11). Raws li kev soj ntsuam cov ntaub ntawv46, DC yog cov pab pawg amphiphilic nrog ntau pawg Ionizable pawg (Phenols, cov pab pawg-amino) ntawm ntau qib. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, txoj haujlwm ntau yam Raws li qhov tshwm sim, txoj haujlwm ntau yam В вузультарь и ивя ции и новерноероверноеи комита Rgge / nzvi оогуей Взаимдей электростатичтичесичnes и и и и в Виде св витеронов и и и и и и и и и и и и скулалу в катиона (DC3 +) при при и ионный (DCH20) 3,3 thiab ph p P <7,3 thiab pH <7,7 Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ntau yam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv DC thiab muaj feem xyuam ntawm cov npoo ntawm RGO / Nzvi Composatatically thiab tuaj yeem muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cations, zwitterions, thiab itions; DC molecule muaj raws li cation (DCH3 +) ntawm pH <3.3; Ionic (DCE20) 3.3 <p p p p p p p p p p.c thiab anionic (dc2-) ntawm pH 7.7.因此, DC 的各种功能和 RGO / nzvi 复合材料表面的相关结构可能会发生静电相互作用, 并可能以阳离子, 两性离子和阴离子的形式存在, dc 分子在-分子在, dch3 +) 和阴离子 (dch20) 3.3 或 (dch- 或 (dC2- 在 Ph 7.7., DC 和 功能 和 和 和 和 复合 复合 表面 表面 的 相关 结构 结构 可能相关 可能可能 阳离子以 阳离子阳离子 阳离子相互 形式相互相互,, dc 在 阳离子 在 在 在 阳离子 阳离子 阳离子 阳离子阳离子 阳离子阳离子 (dch3 +) 两性离子 (dc20) 3.3 <pH <7.7 和阴离子 (dch-或 DC2-) 在 PH 7.7. Tag nrho, сазличнных иукчтур и иовернозита Rgo / nzvi в элеки эоаиейиейиейиейи существионов ионов и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и ик молвлутся кАти (дцг3 +) при рн рн рн р1 <3,3. Yog li ntawd, ntau yam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv DC thiab muaj feem xyuam ntawm cov npoo ntawm RGO / Nzvi Composite thiab muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab dch3 +) ntawm p <3.3. О о существует в цвиде в Виде витттертеритото (тт (((((((((((((((((((рр 15,3 <pH <7,7 и Аниона (DCH- ир DC2- A THAIB 7,7. Nws muaj li zwitterion (dch20) ntawm 3.3 <pH <7.7 thiab ib qho (ion (lossis DC2-) ntawm pH 7.7.Nrog rau kev nce hauv PHX los ntawm 3 txog 7, kev ua tiav ntawm DC tshem tawm nce los ntawm 11.2 mg / g (56%) rau 17 m (85%) (Daim duab 6c). Txawm li cas los xij, raws li lub pH nce mus rau 9 thiab 11, qhov kev tshem tawm muaj peev xwm thiab 10.6 mg / g (53%) rau 6 mg / g (30%), feem. Nrog rau kev nce hauv PHX los ntawm 3 txog 7, DCS feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas nyiam dua lossis rov qab ua ke los ntawm cov kev sib cuam tshuam electrostatic. Raws li cov pH nce siab dua 8.2, qhov saum npoo ntawm adsorbent tau them, yog li cov adsorption txo qis thiab txo qis ntawm cov chaw tsis zoo thiab cov npoo ntawm adsorbent. Cov qauv no qhia tias DC adsorption ntawm RGO / NZVI composites yog cov txiaj ntsig zoo kuj tseem qhia tau tias muaj kev tsim nyog raws li cov adsorbents nyob rau hauv acidic thiab nruab nrab kev mob.
Cov nyhuv ntawm cov adsorption ntawm cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm DC tau coj ntawm (25-55 ° C). Daim duab 7a qhia cov nyhuv ntawm kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob dc thiab cov adsorption muaj peev xwm nce ntawm 83.44% thiab 7.8 mg / g. , ntsig txog. Qhov kev txo qis tseem ceeb no yuav yog vim muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv lub zog thermal ntawm dc ions, uas ua rau desorption47.
Qhov kub ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm kev tshem tawm ntawm CD ntawm kev tshem tawm ntawm RGE / NSPI (A)) ntawm DC L-1, ph = 7, t = 25 ° C] (C, D) [co = 25-100 mg l-1, ph = 25 ° C, tshuaj = 0.05 g].
Cov nyhuv ntawm kev nce koob tshuaj ntawm cov kab xev sib xyaw 7b. Qhov nce ntxiv hauv cov koob tshuaj ntawm adsorbent coj mus rau qhov txo qis hauv adsorption muaj peev xwm los ntawm 33,43 mg / g rau 6.74 mg / g. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev nce qib hauv adsorbent koob tshuaj los ntawm 0.07 g, raws li 96%, feem ntau yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev nce ntawm cov chaw nquag ntawm nanocomposite nto.
Cov nyhuv ntawm kev pib ua kom muaj peev xwm ua adsorption muaj peev xwm thiab tshem tawm efficiency [25-100 MG L-1, 25 ° C, PH 7, koob tshuaj 0.05 g] tau kawm. Thaum tus thawj nkag siab tau nce los ntawm 25 mg l-1 txog 100 mg l-1, qhov kev tshem tawm tsawg ntawm tus RGO / NZVI COMPOSITE tsawg dua ntawm 9C5% (Daim duab 7), tej zaum vim qhov tsis muaj qhov chaw xav tau cov chaw xav tau. Cov. Adsorbs loj loj ntawm DC49. Ntawm qhov tod tes, raws li tus thawj nkag siab nce, adsorption muaj peev xwm nce ntawm 9.4 mg / g mus txog rau qhov sib npaug tau mus txog (Daim Duab. Qhov kev tawm tsam txawv no yog vim muaj kev kub ntxhov ntawm kev tsav tsheb pib ntau dua li DC Ion loj hloov mus txog qhov 50 ntawm RGO / NZVI sib xyaw / NZVI.
Hu rau lub sijhawm thiab kev kawm Kinetic Tauj kom nkag siab txog kev sib npaug ntawm kev tshaj tawm. Ua ntej, tus nqi ntawm DC adsorbed nyob rau hauv thawj 40 feeb ntawm lub sijhawm hu tau kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov nyiaj adsorbed dhau tag nrho lub sij hawm (100 feeb). Thaum lub DC lwg me hauv kev daws teeb meem ua rau lawv tau tsiv mus rau saum npoo ntawm RGO / Nzvi composite uas ua rau muaj kev nthuav tawm tseem ceeb. Tom qab 40 min, DC adsorption tau nce zuj zus thiab maj mam kom txog thaum sib npaug tau mus txog tom qab 60 min (Daim duab 7D). Txij li thaum tus nqi tsim nyog yog adsorbed hauv thawj 40 feeb, yuav muaj tsawg dua kev sib tsoo nrog DC cov qauv thiab cov chaw nquag muaj me me yuav muaj rau cov qauv molecules. Yog li ntawd, adsorption tus nqi tuaj yeem txo tau51.
Txhawm rau kom nkag siab zoo dua cov Adsorption Kinetics, kab plots ntawm pseudo thawj zaug (Daim duab 8B), thiab cov qauv 8c) tau siv. Los ntawm cov tsis tau txais los ntawm Kev Kawm Txuj Ci Kinetic (cov lus S1), nws ua kom pom tseeb tus qauv, qhov twg R2 tus nqi tau teeb tsa ntau dua nyob rau lwm ob tus qauv. Kuj tseem muaj kev sib thooj ntawm cov nyiaj tshaj tawm adsorption (QE, cal). Cov pseudo-thib ob kev txiav txim thiab qhov kev sim ua ntej (QE, exp.) Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntxiv uas yog tus qauv pseudo-thib ob yog tus qauv zoo dua li lwm tus qauv. Raws li qhia hauv Table 1, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm α (pib adsorption tus nqi) thiab siab tshaj plaws tias DC nyees rau Adsorb tau zoo ntawm RGO / NZVI52 kev sib haum. Cov.
Lineear Adsorption Kinetet cov phiaj xwm ntawm pseudo-thib ob (b) thawj zaug (b) thiab elovich (ph tuaj
Kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev tshaj tawm yog qhia txog kev tshaj tawm cov adsorption muaj peev xwm ntawm adsorbent (RGVi Compostrations (DC) thiab qhov ntsuas kub. Qhov nyiaj siab tshaj plaws tau muab xam tau siv Langmuir yog homogeneous modayer nyob rau saum npoo ntawm adsorbent yam tsis muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lawv53. Ob pab dav dav dav dav yog qhov freundlic thiab tempin qauv. Txawm hais tias tus qauv freundh tsis siv los xam cov txheej txheem adsorption, thaum uas tsis nkag siab txog cov khoom sib txawv thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm adsorption54.
Cov nuj nqis 9A-C Qhia cov kab ntawm tus langmuir, freindlich, thiab tempin qauv qauv, feem. R2 qhov tseem ceeb tau suav los ntawm Freundlich (Daim duab 9A) thiab langmuir (0.996) thiab Langmuir (0.988) yog dab neeg (0.985). Qhov siab tshaj plaws adsorption muaj peev xwm (QMAX), xam siv Langmuir Isotherm qauv, yog 31.61 mg g-1. Ib qho ntxiv, cov nqi suav ntawm qhov sib cais txom nyem ntev (RL) yog nruab nrab ntawm 0 thiab 1 (0.097), qhia txog cov txheej txheem adsorption zoo. Txwv tsis pub, suav freundlich tas li (n = 2.756) qhia txog qhov kev nyiam rau txoj kev nqus no. Raws li cov qauv linear ntawm lub tempin yog yog yog 9c), adsorption yog lub cev ua cov txheej txheem ntawm lub cev, txij li B yog ˂ 82 KJ Mol-1 (0.408) 55. Txawm hais tias lub cev Adsorption feem ntau yog kho kom zoo nkauj van der waRo, kev sib xyaw tam sim no ntawm cov enginal / nzvi
Freundh (a), Langmuir (B), thiab tempin (c) Lineear Adotherms [co = 7, t = 25 ° C, tshuaj = 0.05 g]. Cov phiaj xwm ntawm lub loff sib npaug rau DC adsorption los ntawm RGE / NZVI Composites (d) [co = 7, t = 25-55 ° C thiab koob = 0.05 g].
Txhawm rau ntsuas cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub hloov ntawm DC tshem tawm ntawm RGO / nzvi kev hloov pauv (ΔH), thiab kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob (ΔG) tau xam los ntawm kev sib npaug. 3 thiab 458.
Qhov twg \ ({k} _ {e}}}}} {c}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} R thiab RT yog cov roj tas li thiab kev ua tiav qhov kub, feem ntau. Npaj Laj Lua tawm tsam 1 / t muab txoj kab ncaj nraim (Daim duab 9D) los ntawm qhov twg Δs thiab Δh tuaj yeem txiav txim siab.
Tus nqi tsis zoo ΔH tus nqi qhia tau tias cov txheej txheem yog exothermic expicmic. Ntawm qhov tod tes, tus nqi ΔH yog nyob hauv lub cev adsorption txheej txheem. Qhov tsis zoo ΔG qhov tseem ceeb hauv rooj 3 qhia tias kev tshaj tawm yog ua tau thiab tshwm sim. Cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm Δs qhia qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm adsorbent molecules ntawm cov kua interface (rooj 3).
Rooj 4 piv cov RGO / nzvi composite nrog lwm cov adsorbents tau tshaj tawm hauv kev tshawb fawb dhau los. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias VGO / NCVI cov kab lus muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm siab tshaj plaws thiab tej zaum yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv cog tseg rau kev tshem tawm ntawm DC cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm dej. Ib qho ntxiv, cov adsorption ntawm RGO / NZVI composites yog ib txheej txheem sai nrog lub sijhawm sib npaug ntawm 60 min. Cov Adsorption zoo tshaj plaws ntawm RGO / NZVI composites tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm cov nyhuv synergistic ntawm rgo thiab nzvi.
Cov nuj nqis 10a, b ua qauv qhia txog kev siv hluav taws xob rau kev tshem tawm ntawm DC cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm cov RGO / Nzvi complexes. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm PHEM, nrog rau kev nce qib hauv Ph los ntawm cov hluav taws xob kev sib cuam tshuam, txij li nws ua raws li zwitterion; Yog li ntawd, kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi py tsis cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem adsorption. Tom qab, cov adsorption mechanism muaj peev xwm tswj tau los ntawm cov kev sib cuam tshuam-hluav taws xob xws li hydrogen ua, thiab π-π lidding sib txuas ntawm tus RGO / Nzvi Composite thiab DC66. Nws yog qhov paub zoo tias cov tshuab ntawm cov duab uas muaj ntxhiab tsw ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem txheej txheem π-Π kev tsav tsheb tseem ceeb. Tus sau yog ib qho khoom siv pov tseg zoo ib yam li graphene nrog kev nqus tau siab kawg ntawm 233 nm vim π-Π-Π-π * kev hloov pauv. Raws li lub xub ntiag ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm cov qauv molecul ntawm DC adsorbate, peb muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov neeg muaj ntxhiab dc (π-electron lees txais ntawm π-electrons rau hauv thaj chaw rgo. / nzvi composites. Ntxiv rau, raws li qhia hauv Daim Duab. 10b, FTIR kev tshawb fawb tau ua los kawm cov molecular sib xyaw ntawm RGO / Nzvi composites nrog DC, thiab FTC spectre ntawm RGE / NZVI composites yog muaj nyob hauv daim duab 10b. 10b. Ib lub ncov tshiab tshiab tau pom ntawm 2111 CM-1, uas sib haum rau lub moj khaum ntawm C = C sib khi ua ke ntawm cov pab pawg ua haujlwm ntawm cov npoo ntawm 67 RGO / NZVI. Lwm qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm 1561 txog 1548 CM-1 thiab los ntawm 1399 rau 1360 CL-1, uas tseem yuav tau lees paub txoj haujlwm ntawm Graphene thiab organic pollutshants68,69. Tom qab DC adsorption, qhov sib zog ntawm qee cov pa-muaj cov pab pawg, txo tus mob 3270 cm-1, uas qhia tias hydrogen ua yog ib qho ntawm adsorption mechanisms. Yog li, raws li cov txiaj ntsig, dc adsorption ntawm RGO / Nzvi composite tshwm sim feem ntau vim yog π-Π sibtsting sib txuas lus thiab H-Bonds.
MECHYCHISM kev cai ntawm adsorption ntawm DC cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm Rggo / Nzvi thiab Nzvi complexes (a). Ftir Adsorption Spectra ntawm DC ntawm RGO / NZVI thiab NZVI (b).
Qhov siv ntawm cov bands nqus ntawm nzvi ntawm 3244, 1615, muaj 10B) piv rau cov pab pawg ua haujlwm ntawm cov carboxylic acid o pawg hauv DC. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov feem pua ntawm cov feem pua ntawm kev sib kis hauv txhua txoj hlua khau pom tias tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv phytosynthetic adsorbent (nzvi) piv rau cov txheej txheem tshiab ua ntej cov txheej txheem adsorption. Raws li DC cov kev tshem tawm tshem tawm nrog NZVI71, thaum Nzvi reacts nrog H2O, cov hluav taws xob tau tso tawm thiab tom qab ntawd yog siv los ua cov dej reducule zoo siab. Thaum kawg, qee cov cationic cov tebchaw lees txais hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv hydrogen, uas ua rau hauv -c = n thiab -c = c -, uas yog ntaus nqi mus rau splitting ntawm benzene nplhaib.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Nov-14-2022