I-Graphite iyi-allotrope yekhabhoni, ikristalu yesikhashana phakathi kwamakristalu e-athomu, amakristalu ensimbi namakristalu ama-molecule. Ngokuvamile i-grey emnyama, ukuthungwa okuthambile, umuzwa wamafutha. Ukushisa okuthuthukisiwe emoyeni noma emoyeni oshisayo futhi okhiqiza i-carbon dioxide. Ama-oxidizing agents aqinile azoyixuba ibe ama-organic acid. Isetshenziswa njenge-antiwear agent kanye nezinto zokugcoba, okwenza i-crucible, i-electrode, ibhethri elomile, i-lead yepensela. Ububanzi bokutholwa kwe-graphite: i-graphite yemvelo, i-dense crystalline graphite, i-flake graphite, i-cryptocrystalline graphite, i-graphite powder, iphepha le-graphite, i-expanded graphite, i-graphite emulsion, i-expanded graphite, i-clay graphite kanye ne-conductive graphite powder, njll.
1. Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu: iphuzu lokuncibilika kwe-graphite lingu-3850±50℃, ngisho nangemva kokushiswa kwe-arc yokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu, ukwehla kwesisindo kuncane kakhulu, i-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa incane kakhulu. Amandla e-graphite ayanda ngokwanda kokushisa. Ku-2000℃, amandla e-graphite aphindeka kabili.
2. ukuhanjiswa kwe-conductive, ukushisa: ukuhanjiswa kwe-graphite kuphakeme ngokuphindwe kayikhulu kune-ore evamile engeyona eyensimbi. Ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal kwensimbi, insimbi, i-lead nezinye izinto zensimbi. Ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal kwehla ngokwanda kwe-temperature, ngisho noma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, i-graphite iba yi-insulation;
3. ukuthambisa: ukusebenza kokuthambisa kwe-graphite kuncike kusayizi we-graphite flake, i-flake, i-friction coefficient incane, ukusebenza kokuthambisa kungcono;
4. ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali: i-graphite ekamelweni lokushisa inokuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana ne-asidi, ukumelana ne-alkali kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwe-organic solvent;
5. i-plasticity: ukuqina kwe-graphite kuhle, kungachotshozwa kube yishidi elincane kakhulu;
6. Ukumelana nokushaqeka kokushisa: i-graphite ekamelweni lokushisa uma isetshenziswa ingamelana nezinguquko ezinkulu ekushiseni ngaphandle komonakalo, ukuguquka kwezinga lokushisa, umthamo we-graphite ushintsha kancane, ngeke uqhekeke.
1. ukuhlaziywa kokwakheka: ikhabhoni engaguquki, umswakama, ukungcola, njll.;
2. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza ngokomzimba: ubulukhuni, umlotha, ukujiya, ubuncane, usayizi wezinhlayiya, ukuguquguquka, amandla adonsela phansi athile, indawo ethile yobuso, indawo yokuncibilika, njll.
3. ukuhlolwa kwezakhiwo zemishini: amandla okudonsa, ukuphuka, ukuhlolwa kokugoba, ukuhlolwa kokudonsa;
4. ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamakhemikhali: ukumelana namanzi, ukuqina, ukumelana ne-asidi ne-alkali, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana nokushisa, njll.
5. Ezinye izinto zokuhlola: ukuqhutshwa kukagesi, ukuqhutshwa kokushisa, ukuthambisa, ukuqina kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana nokushaqeka kokushisa