Kuziziritsa zamagetsi zamphamvu m'mafoni aposachedwa kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Ofufuza ku King Abdullah University of Science and Technology apanga njira yachangu komanso yothandiza yopangira zinthu za kaboni zomwe ndi zabwino kwambiri pochotsa kutentha kuchokera kuzipangizo zamagetsi. Zipangizozi zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zina, kuyambira masensa a gasi mpaka ma solar panels.
Zipangizo zambiri zamagetsi zimagwiritsa ntchito mafilimu a graphite kuti ayendetse ndikuchotsa kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi zida zamagetsi. Ngakhale kuti graphite ndi mtundu wachilengedwe wa kaboni, kuyang'anira kutentha mu zamagetsi ndi ntchito yovuta ndipo nthawi zambiri kumadalira kugwiritsa ntchito mafilimu apamwamba a graphite okhala ndi ma micron thick. "Komabe, njira yopangira mafilimu a graphite awa pogwiritsa ntchito ma polima ngati zinthu zopangira ndi yovuta komanso yogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri," akufotokoza Gitanjali Deokar, katswiri wa postdoc mu labu ya Pedro Costa yemwe adatsogolera ntchitoyi. Mafilimuwa amapangidwa kudzera mu njira zambiri zomwe zimafuna kutentha mpaka madigiri 3,200 Celsius ndipo sizingapangitse mafilimu kukhala ochepa kuposa ma micron ochepa.
Deokar, Costa ndi anzawo apanga njira yachangu komanso yosagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri popanga mapepala a graphite okhala ndi makulidwe a nanometer 100. Gululi linagwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa chemical vapor deposition (CVD) kuti lipange mafilimu a graphite okhuthala a nanometer (NGFs) pa nickel foil, pomwe nickel imalimbikitsa kusintha kwa methane yotentha kukhala graphite pamwamba pake. "Tinakwanitsa NGF mu sitepe ya kukula kwa CVD ya mphindi 5 yokha pa kutentha kwa reaction kwa madigiri 900 Celsius," adatero Deokar.
NGF imatha kukula n’kukhala mapepala okwana 55 cm2 m’lifupi ndi kukula mbali zonse ziwiri za pepalalo. Ikhoza kuchotsedwa ndi kusamutsidwa kupita kumalo ena popanda kufunikira kwa gawo lothandizira la polima, lomwe ndi lofunika kwambiri pogwira ntchito ndi mafilimu a graphene a single-layer.
Pogwira ntchito ndi katswiri wa ma microscopy a ma electron Alessandro Genovese, gululi linapeza zithunzi za ma microscopy a ma electron (TEM) a magawo osiyanasiyana a NGF pa nickel. "Kuwona momwe mafilimu a graphite ndi nickel foil amagwirizanirana ndi chinthu chomwe sichinachitikepo ndipo chidzapereka chidziwitso chowonjezera pakukula kwa mafilimu awa," adatero Costa.
Kukhuthala kwa NGF kumagwera pakati pa mafilimu a graphite okhuthala a micron omwe amapezeka m'masitolo ndi graphene yokhala ndi gawo limodzi. "NGF imawonjezera mapepala a graphene ndi graphite a mafakitale, zomwe zimawonjezera ku zida za mafilimu a carbon ophatikizidwa," adatero Costa. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake, NGF ingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyang'anira kutentha m'mafoni osinthika omwe tsopano akuyamba kuonekera pamsika. "Poyerekeza ndi mafilimu a graphene, kuphatikiza kwa NGF kudzakhala kotsika mtengo komanso kokhazikika," adatero.
Komabe, NGF imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri kupatula kutentha. Chinthu chosangalatsa chomwe chawonetsedwa mu zithunzi za TEM ndichakuti mbali zina za NGF ndi zochepa chabe za carbon wandiweyani. "Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, kukhalapo kwa zigawo zingapo za graphene kumatsimikizira kuti kuwala kowoneka bwino mufilimu yonse," adatero Deoka. Gulu lofufuza linaganiza kuti NGF yoyendetsa, yowala, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gawo la maselo a dzuwa kapena ngati chinthu chowunikira kuti izindikire mpweya wa nayitrogeni dioxide. "Tikukonzekera kuphatikiza NGF muzipangizo kuti igwire ntchito ngati chinthu chogwira ntchito zambiri," adatero Costa.
Zambiri: Gitanjali Deokar et al., Kukula mwachangu kwa mafilimu a graphite okhuthala ngati nanometer pa pepala la nickel la wafer-scale ndi kusanthula kwawo kapangidwe kake, Nanotechnology (2020). DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aba712
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Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-05-2024