Usoro oxidation kemịkalụ bụ ụzọ ọdịnala maka ịkwadebe graphite a na-agbasa. N'ụzọ a, a na-agwakọta graphite flake eke na ihe na-eme ka oxidation na intercalating kwesịrị ekwesị, na-achịkwa ya na okpomọkụ ụfọdụ, na-akpali ya mgbe niile, ma na-asa ya, na-asa ya ma kpọọ ya nkụ iji nweta graphite a na-agbasa. Usoro oxidation kemịkalụ aghọwo ụzọ tozuru oke na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe yana uru nke ngwa dị mfe, ọrụ dị mfe na ọnụ ala dị ala.
Usoro usoro nke oxidation kemịkalụ gụnyere oxidation na intercalation. Oxidation nke graphite bụ ọnọdụ bụ isi maka imepụta graphite a na-agbasa, n'ihi na ma mmeghachi omume intercalation ọ ga-aga n'ihu nke ọma dabere na ogo oghere dị n'etiti oyi akwa graphite. Graphite eke na okpomọkụ ụlọ nwere nkwụsi ike dị mma na iguzogide acid na alkali, yabụ ọ naghị emeghachi omume na acid na alkali, ya mere, mgbakwunye nke oxidant aghọwo ihe dị mkpa na oxidation kemịkalụ.
E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị ihe na-eme ka ihe dị ndụ ghara ịdị ọcha, ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ ihe na-eme ka ihe dị ndụ ghara ịdị ọcha (dịka potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, chromium trioxide, potassium chlorate, wdg), ha nwekwara ike ịbụ ihe na-eme ka ihe dị ndụ ghara ịdị ọcha (dịka hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, wdg). A na-achọpụta na potassium permanganate bụ ihe na-eme ka ihe dị ndụ ghara ịdị ọcha nke e ji eme ihe n'oge a na-emepụta graphite a na-agbasa.
N'okpuru ọrụ nke oxidizer, a na-eme ka graphite gbazee ma macromolecules netwọk na-anọpụ iche na oyi akwa graphite na-aghọ macromolecules planar nwere chajị dị mma. N'ihi mmetụta na-asọ oyi nke otu chajị dị mma ahụ, anya dị n'etiti oyi akwa graphite na-abawanye, nke na-enye ọwa na oghere maka intercalator iji banye na oyi akwa graphite nke ọma. N'usoro nkwadebe nke graphite a na-agbasa, ihe na-eme intercalation bụkarị acid. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ndị nchọpụta na-ejikarị sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, agwakọta acid na glacial acetic acid eme ihe.
Usoro electrochemical dị n'ime ọkụ eletrik na-agbanwe agbanwe, ya na mmiri mmiri nke ihe ntinye ahụ dị ka electrolyte, graphite na ihe ígwè (ihe igwe anaghị agba nchara, efere platinum, efere ndu, efere titanium, wdg) mejupụtara anode mejupụtara, ihe ígwè etinyere na electrolyte dị ka kathode, na-emepụta mkpọchi mechiri emechi; Ma ọ bụ graphite kwụgidere na electrolyte, na electrolyte n'otu oge etinyere na efere na-adịghị mma na nke dị mma, site na electrodes abụọ ahụ bụ usoro ike, anodic oxidation. A na-eme ka elu graphite dị ka carbonation. N'otu oge ahụ, n'okpuru njikọ nke njikọ nke mgbasa nke electrostatic na ọdịiche ntinye, a na-etinye ion acid ma ọ bụ ion ndị ọzọ dị n'etiti polar n'etiti oyi akwa graphite iji mepụta graphite a na-agbasa.
Ma e jiri ya tụnyere usoro oxidation kemịkalụ, usoro electrochemical maka nkwadebe nke graphite a na-agbasa n'ime usoro ahụ dum na-ejighị oxidant, ọnụọgụ ọgwụgwọ ahụ buru ibu, ọnụọgụ ihe fọdụrụ nke ihe ndị na-emebi emebi dị obere, enwere ike ịmegharị electrolyte ahụ mgbe mmeghachi omume gasịrị, a na-ebelata ego acid, a na-echekwa ọnụ ahịa ya, a na-ebelata mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi, mmebi nke akụrụngwa dị obere, a na-agbatịkwa ndụ ọrụ. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, usoro electrochemical aghọọla usoro kachasị mma maka ịkwadebe graphite a na-agbasa site n'aka ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ nwere ọtụtụ uru.
Usoro mgbasa ozi nke usoro gas bụ imepụta graphite a na-agbasa site na ịkpọtụrụ intercalator na graphite n'ụdị gas na mmeghachi omume intercalation. N'ozuzu, a na-etinye graphite na ihe ntinye ahụ na nsọtụ abụọ nke ihe na-eme iko na-eguzogide okpomọkụ, a na-apịpụtakwa ihe mkpofu ahụ ma mechie ya, yabụ a makwaara ya dị ka usoro ụlọ abụọ. A na-ejikarị usoro a emepụta halide -EG na alkali metal -EG n'ime ụlọ ọrụ.
Uru: enwere ike ijikwa nhazi na usoro nke ihe nrụpụta ahụ, a pụkwara ikewapụ ihe ndị na-emegharị ahụ na ngwaahịa dị iche iche ngwa ngwa.
Ihe ọghọm: ngwaọrụ mmeghachi omume dị mgbagwoju anya karị, ọrụ ahụ siri ike karị, yabụ mmepụta ya pere mpe, mmeghachi omume a ga-eme n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu, oge ahụ dị ogologo, ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume dịkwa oke elu, gburugburu nkwadebe ga-abụrịrị ihe efu, yabụ ọnụ ahịa mmepụta dị oke elu, ọ dabaraghị maka ngwa mmepụta buru ibu.
Usoro usoro mmiri mmiri agwakọtara bụ ịgwakọta ihe etinyere na graphite ozugbo, n'okpuru nchebe nke ngagharị nke gas na-adịghị arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ sistemụ mkpuchi maka mmeghachi omume kpo oku iji kwadebe graphite a na-agbasa. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe maka njikọta nke alkali metal-graphite interlaminar compounds (GICs).
Uru: Usoro mmeghachi omume dị mfe, ọsọ mmeghachi omume dị ngwa ngwa, site n'ịgbanwe oke nke ihe ndị e ji graphite mee na ihe ntinye nwere ike iru nhazi na nhazi ụfọdụ nke graphite a na-agbasa, nke dabara adaba maka mmepụta oke.
Ihe ọghọm: Ngwaahịa e guzobere adịghị eguzosi ike, ọ na-esiri ike ịnagide ihe e tinyere n'efu nke ejikọtara na elu nke GICs, ọ na-esikwa ike ijide n'aka na ngwakọta graphite interlamellar na-adịgide adịgide mgbe ọnụọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke njikọta.
Usoro ịgbaze bụ ịgwakọta graphite na ihe na-ejikọta ọnụ na okpomọkụ iji kwadebe graphite a na-agbasa. Dabere na eziokwu ahụ bụ na ihe ndị eutectic nwere ike ibelata ebe agbaze nke sistemụ ahụ (n'okpuru ebe agbaze nke ihe ọ bụla), ọ bụ ụzọ maka nkwadebe nke GICs ternary ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ ihe site na itinye ihe abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa (nke ga-enwe ike ịmepụta usoro nnu agbaze) n'etiti akwa graphite n'otu oge. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na nkwadebe nke metal chlorides - GICs.
Uru: Ngwaahịa a nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike, dị mfe ịsa, ngwaọrụ mmeghachi omume dị mfe, obere okpomọkụ mmeghachi omume, obere oge, dabara maka mmepụta buru ibu.
Ihe ọghọm: ọ na-esiri ike ijikwa nhazi na nhazi nke ngwaahịa ahụ n'usoro mmeghachi omume, ọ na-esikwa ike ijide n'aka na nhazi na nhazi nke ngwaahịa ahụ na njikọta oke.
Usoro a na-etinye nrụgide bụ ijikọta matrix graphite na alkaline earth metal na rare earth metal powder wee meghachi omume iji mepụta M-GICS n'okpuru ọnọdụ nrụgide.
Ihe Ọjọọ: Naanị mgbe nrụgide uzuoku nke ígwè ahụ gafere oke ụfọdụ, enwere ike ime mmeghachi omume ntinye; Agbanyeghị, okpomọkụ dị oke elu, ọ dị mfe ime ka ígwè na graphite mepụta carbide, mmeghachi omume na-adịghị mma, yabụ a ga-achịkwa okpomọkụ mmeghachi omume n'ọtụtụ oke. Okpomọkụ ntinye nke ọla ala dị ụkọ dị oke elu, yabụ a ga-etinye nrụgide iji belata okpomọkụ mmeghachi omume. Usoro a dabara adaba maka nkwadebe nke metal-GICS nwere obere ebe agbaze, mana ngwaọrụ ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya ma ihe achọrọ maka ọrụ siri ike, yabụ anaghị eji ya ugbu a.
Usoro mgbawa na-ejikarị graphite na ihe na-eme ka mgbasa dị ka KClO4, Mg(ClO4)2·nH2O, Zn(NO3)2·nH2O pyropyros ma ọ bụ ngwakọta ndị a kwadebere, mgbe a na-ekpo ọkụ ya, graphite ga-eme ka oxidation na intercalation reaction compound cambium compound dịkwuo mma n'otu oge, nke a na-agbasa n'ụzọ "mgbawa", si otú a na-eme ka graphite gbasaa. Mgbe ejiri nnu ígwè mee ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka mgbasa dị mma, ngwaahịa ahụ na-adị mgbagwoju anya karị, nke ọ bụghị naanị na ọ nwere graphite gbasaa, kamakwa ọla.
