A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an biya hankali sosai ga grhephericory graphene. Amma menene graphene? Da kyau, yi tunanin wani abu wanda shine sau 200 fiye da karfe, amma sau 1 sau 1 zuwa sama fiye da takarda.
A cikin 2004, masana kimiyya biyu daga Jami'ar Manchester, Andrei Geim da Konstantin Novoselov, "buga" tare da hoto. Haka ne, abin da kuka samu a kan alkalami na fensir. Sun kasance masu son sani game da kayan kuma suna so su sani ko ana iya cire shi a cikin Layer ɗaya. Don haka suka sami kayan aiki mara amfani: tef duct.
"Kuna kwanciyar hankali [tef] akan hoto ko Mika sannan kuma ya buga saman Layer," Heim ya bayyana ga BBC. Graphite flakes tashi daga tef. Sa'an nan kuma ninka tef a cikin rabin kuma manne shi a saman takardar, to sake raba su. Sannan ka maimaita wannan tsari 10 ko 20 sau.
"Duk lokacin da flakes karya zuwa bakin ciki da na bakin ciki flakes. A ƙarshe, flakes mai bakin ciki ya kasance a kan bel ɗin. Ka fasa kaset ɗin da komai ya narke."
Abin mamaki, hanyar tef tana aiki abubuwan al'ajabi. Wannan gwajin mai ban sha'awa ya haifar da gano abubuwan da aka gano guda biyu - graphene flakes.
A shekara ta 2010, Heim da Novoselov sun karbi kyautar Nobel a cikin ilimin kimiyyar da suka gano, abin da ya hada da mayafin hexonal, makamancin waya.
Daya daga cikin manyan dalilan graphene suna da ban mamaki shine tsarinsa. Wani yanki na Farko na pristine ya bayyana a matsayin Layer na carbon carbon atoms shirya a cikin tsarin hexagonal. Wannan tsari na atomic-sikelin saƙar zuma yana ba da graphene ƙarfin sa.
Graphene ma an samar da Suparfi kadaici. A zazzabi a daki, yana gudanar da wutar lantarki mafi kyau fiye da kowane kayan.
Ku tuna waɗancan zarra carbon a rubuce-rubucen da muka tattauna? Da kyau, kowannensu suna da ƙarin lantarki da ake kira PI Ektron. Wannan lantarki yana motsawa kyauta, yana ba shi damar gudanar da tsarin ta hanyar yadudduka da yawa na graphene tare da karancin juriya.
Binciken kwanan nan zuwa cikin Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts (MIT) ta gano wani abu kusan sihiri: lokacin da ka dandana (kawai 1.1) juya zuwa graphene daga jeri, graphene ya zama Superconductor.
Wannan yana nufin yana iya yin wutar lantarki ba tare da juriya ko zafi ba, damar buɗe yiwuwar yiwuwar Septenity na gaba a dakin da zazzabi.
Daya daga cikin aikace-aikacen da suka fi tsammani na graphene yana cikin batura. Godiya ga matsayinta mafi kyau, zamu iya samar da baturan graphene wanda ke cajin sauri kuma ya fi tsayi fiye da baturan Lithium na zamani.
Wasu manyan kamfanoni kamar Samsung da Huawei sun riga sun riƙi wannan hanyar, sun yi niyyar gabatar da wadannan cigaba a cikin na'urorinmu na yau da kullun.
"Da 2024, muna tsammanin samfuran Graphene, darektan Cibiyar Cambridne da mai bincike a kan flagedungiyar graphene ta Turai. Kamfanin yana saka hannun Yuro biliyan 1 a cikin ayyukan hadin gwiwa. ayyukan. Alfarata hanzarta ci gaban fasahar graphene.
Abokan bincike na bincike sun riga an kirkiri baturan Graphene waɗanda ke ba da ƙarin ƙarfin 20% fiye da nazarin kashi 15% fiye da mafi kyawun ƙananan makamashi na yau. Sauran kungiyoyin sun haifar da sel na tushen graphene wadanda kashi 20 cikin dari sun fi dacewa a sauya hasken rana zuwa wutar lantarki.
Duk da yake akwai wasu samfuran da suka fara amfani da graphene, kamar kai na kayan wasanni, har yanzu dai har yanzu yana zuwa. Kamar yadda Ferrari ya lura: "Muna magana game da Graphene, amma a zahiri muna magana ne game da yawan zaɓuɓɓuka masu yawa. Abubuwa suna motsawa a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya."
An sabunta wannan labarin ta amfani da fasahar leken asiri ta wucin gadi, wanda aka bincika, kuma an gyara Editocin HowyTuffworks.
Shugaban kayan aikin wasanni ya yi amfani da wannan kayan ban mamaki. Su murhun su na tennis rakey da'awar zuwa 20% wuta a daidai nauyi. Wannan fasaha ce ta juyin juya hali!
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Lokaci: Nov-21-2023