I-Flake graphite isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini, okuvela ezicini zayo zekhwalithi ephezulu. Namuhla, i-Furuite Graphite Xiaobian izokutshela izizathu zezimpawu zekhwalithi ephezulu ze-flake graphite kusukela ezicini zokwakheka komndeni kanye namakristalu axubile:
Okokuqala, izici zekhwalithi ephezulu zezinto zekhabhoni ezakhai-graphite ehlanganisiwe.
1. Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali zekhabhoni ye-elemental zizinzile uma zishisa ekamelweni, futhi azincibiliki emanzini, zincibilikisa i-asidi, zincibilikisa i-alkali kanye nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo;
2, ukusabela nomoya-mpilo emazingeni okushisa ahlukene aphezulu ukuze kukhiqizwe i-carbon dioxide noma i-carbon monoxide; Ku-halogen, i-fluorine kuphela engasabela ngqo ne-carbon elemental;
3. Ngaphansi kokushisa, ikhabhoni ye-elemental i-oxidized kalula yi-asidi;
4. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu, ikhabhoni ingasabela nezinsimbi eziningi ukuze ikhiqize ama-carbide ensimbi;
5. Ikhabhoniincishiswa futhi ingasetshenziswa ukuncibilikisa izinsimbi lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu.
Okwesibili, izici zamakristalu axubile akhiwe nge-graphite ye-flake.
1. Ku-graphite crystal, ama-athomu e-carbon asengqimbeni efanayo ahlanganiswa ne-sp2 ukuze akhe ama-covalent bonds, futhi i-athomu ngayinye ye-carbon ixhunywe namanye ama-athomu amathathu ngama-covalent bonds amathathu. Ama-athomu ayisithupha e-carbon akha indandatho enezinhlangothi eziyisithupha endaweni efanayo, enwebeka esakhiweni esinezingqimba, lapho ubude be-bond ye-CC bond bungu-142pm, okungobubanzi be-bond ye-athomu crystal, ngakho-ke ngengqimba efanayo, iyi-athomu crystal.
2. Izingqimba zamakristalu e-graphite zihlukaniswa ngo-340pm, okuyibanga elide, futhi zihlanganiswa ngamandla e-van der Waals, okungukuthi, izingqimba zingezingamakristalu ama-molecule. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesibopho esiqinile phakathi kwama-athomu e-carbon esendlaleloni esifanayo, kunzima kakhulu ukubhubhisa, ngakho-ke iphuzu lokuncibilika kwe-i-graphitefuthi iphakeme futhi izakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali zizinzile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-20-2023