I-Flake graphite iyiminerali engavamile engavuseleleki, esetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yanamuhla futhi iyisisetshenziswa esibalulekile samasu. I-European Union ibhale i-graphene, umkhiqizo oqediwe wokucubungula i-graphite, njengephrojekthi entsha yobuchwepheshe obuphambili esikhathini esizayo, futhi yabhala i-graphite njengenye yezinhlobo ezingu-14 zemithombo yamaminerali engavamile "yokuphila nokufa". I-United States ibala izinsiza ze-flake graphite njengezinto ezibalulekile zamaminerali ezimbonini zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Izindawo zokugcina ze-graphite zaseShayina zibiza u-70% womhlaba, futhi iyinqolobane enkulu kunazo zonke ye-graphite kanye nokuthumela ngaphandle emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, kunezinkinga eziningi enkambisweni yokukhiqiza, njengokungcola kwezimayini, izinga eliphansi lokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza kanye nomonakalo omkhulu wemvelo. Ukuntuleka kwezinsiza kanye nezindleko zangaphandle zemvelo akubonisi inani langempela. Izinkinga ezilandelayo zokwabelana zabahleli be-graphite be-Furuite zibonakala kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
Okokuqala, intela yezinsiza idinga ukulungiswa ngokushesha. Izinga lentela eliphansi: Intela yezinsiza ze-graphite yaseShayina yamanje ingu-3 yuan ngethani, okuyinto elula kakhulu futhi ayibonisi ukushoda kwezinsiza kanye nezindleko zangaphandle zemvelo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nomhlaba ongavamile onokushoda kwezimbiwa kanye nokubaluleka okufanayo, ngemuva kokuguqulwa kwentela yezinsiza ze-rare earth, akuzona nje izinto zentela ezibalwe ngokwehlukana, kodwa futhi izinga lentela likhushulwa izikhathi ezingaphezu kweziyi-10. Uma kuqhathaniswa, izinga lentela yezinsiza ze-flake graphite liphansi. Izinga lentela elilodwa: imithethonqubo yamanje yesikhashana yentela yezinsiza inezinga lentela elilodwa le-graphite ore, elingahlukaniswanga ngokwezinga lekhwalithi nohlobo lwe-graphite, futhi alikwazi ukukhombisa umsebenzi wentela yezinsiza ekulawuleni imali engenayo ehlukile. Akuyona isayensi ukubala ngevolumu yokuthengisa: kubalwa ngevolumu yokuthengisa, hhayi ngenani langempela lamaminerali ambiwe, ngaphandle kokucabangela isinxephezelo somonakalo wemvelo, ukuthuthukiswa okunengqondo kwezinsiza, izindleko zokuthuthukiswa kanye nokuphelelwa amandla kwezinsiza.
Okwesibili, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kushesha kakhulu. IShayina ingumkhiqizi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni we-natural flake graphite futhi ibilokhu iyinkampani ethumela kwamanye amazwe kakhulu yemikhiqizo ye-graphite yemvelo. Ngokuphambene kakhulu nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kweShayina kwezinsiza ze-flake graphite, amazwe athuthukile, ahola phambili kwezobuchwepheshe bemikhiqizo yokucubungula ngokujulile ye-graphite, asebenzisa isu "lokuthenga esikhundleni sokumba" i-graphite yemvelo futhi avimbele ubuchwepheshe. Njengemakethe enkulu kunazo zonke ye-graphite eShayina, ukungeniswa kweJapan kubiza u-32.6% wesamba sokuthunyelwa kweShayina, kanti ingxenye ye-graphite ore engenisiwe iyacwila olwandle; INingizimu Korea, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yavala izimayini zayo ze-graphite futhi yangenisa inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo ngamanani aphansi; Umthamo wokungeniswa waminyaka yonke we-United States ubiza cishe u-10.5% wesamba sokuthunyelwa kweShayina, futhi izinsiza zayo ze-graphite zivikelwe ngumthetho.
Okwesithathu, ukucubungula kukhulu kakhulu. Izakhiwo ze-graphite zihlobene kakhulu nosayizi wezikali zayo. Osayizi abahlukene be-flake graphite banezindlela ezahlukene zokusebenzisa, izindlela zokucubungula kanye nezinkambu zokufaka isicelo. Njengamanje, kukhona ukuntuleka kocwaningo ngobuchwepheshe be-graphite ore obunezici ezahlukene eShayina, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kwezinsiza ze-graphite ezinezilinganiso ezahlukene akukaqinisekiswa, futhi ayikho indlela yokucubungula ejulile ehambisanayo. Izinga lokubuyiselwa kokuzuza kwe-graphite liphansi, futhi isivuno se-lake graphite enkulu siphansi. Izici zezinsiza azicaci, futhi indlela yokucubungula iyodwa. Ngenxa yalokho, i-lake graphite enkulu ayikwazi ukuvikelwa ngempumelelo futhi i-lake graphite encane ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo ngesikhathi sokucubungula, okuholela ekuchithekeni okukhulu kwezinsiza ezibalulekile zamasu.
Okwesine, umehluko wentengo phakathi kokungenisa nokuthumela kwamanye amazwe uyamangalisa. Iningi lemikhiqizo ye-natural flake graphite ekhiqizwa eShayina yimikhiqizo esetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi ucwaningo nentuthuko kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo enenani eliphezulu kusobala ukuthi akusho lutho. Thatha i-high cleanness graphite njengesibonelo, amazwe angaphandle ahola phambili kwi-high cleanness graphite ngezinzuzo zawo zobuchwepheshe, futhi avimbele izwe lethu emikhiqizweni ye-high tech ye-graphite. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe be-high cleanness graphite yaseShayina abukwazi ukufinyelela ubumsulwa obungu-99.95%, kanti ubumsulwa obungu-99.99% noma ngaphezulu bungancika ngokuphelele ekungenisweni. Ngo-2011, intengo emaphakathi ye-natural flake graphite eShayina yayicishe ibe yi-4,000 yuan/ton, kanti intengo engaphezu kuka-99.99% engeniswe kwi-high cleanness graphite idlule i-200,000 yuan/ton, kanti umehluko wentengo wawumangalisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-27-2023