Ukupholisa ama-elekthronikhi anamandla kuma-smartphone akamuva kungaba yinselele enkulu. Abacwaningi e-King Abdullah University of Science and Technology bathuthukise indlela esheshayo nephumelelayo yokwakha izinto zekhabhoni ezifanele ukuqeda ukushisa okuvela kumadivayisi kagesi. Lokhu okusebenziseka ngezindlela eziningi kungathola ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela kuzinzwa zegesi kuya kumaphaneli elanga.
Amadivayisi amaningi kagesi asebenzisa amafilimu e-graphite ukuqhuba nokususa ukushisa okukhiqizwa yizingxenye ze-elekthronikhi. Nakuba i-graphite iwuhlobo lwemvelo lwekhabhoni, ukuphathwa kokushisa kuma-elekthronikhi kuyisicelo esidinga kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kuncike ekusetshenzisweni kwamafilimu e-graphite asezingeni eliphezulu anobukhulu be-micron. “Kodwa-ke, indlela yokwenza la mafilimu e-graphite kusetshenziswa ama-polymer njengezinto zokusetshenziswa iyinkimbinkimbi futhi idla amandla amaningi,” kuchaza uGitanjali Deokar, i-postdoc elabhorethri likaPedro Costa owahola umsebenzi. Amafilimu enziwa ngenqubo enezinyathelo eziningi edinga amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-3,200 degrees Celsius futhi awakwazi ukukhiqiza amafilimu amancane kune-microns ezimbalwa.
UDeokar, uCosta kanye nozakwabo bathuthukise indlela esheshayo neyonga amandla yokwenza amashidi e-graphite angaba ngu-nanometers ayi-100 ubukhulu. Ithimba lisebenzise inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-chemical vapor deposition (CVD) ukukhulisa amafilimu e-graphite obukhulu be-nanometer (NGFs) ku-nickel foil, lapho i-nickel ikhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwe-hot methane ibe yi-graphite ebusweni bayo. “Sifinyelele i-NGF ngesinyathelo sokukhula kwe-CVD semizuzu emi-5 kuphela ekushiseni kokusabela okungu-900 degrees Celsius,” kusho uDeokar.
I-NGF ingakhula ibe amashidi afinyelela ku-55 cm2 endaweni futhi ikhule kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-foil. Ingasuswa futhi idluliselwe kwezinye izindawo ngaphandle kwesidingo sesendlalelo sokusekela i-polymer, okuyisidingo esivamile lapho usebenza namafilimu e-graphene anosendlalelo olulodwa.
Ngokusebenzisana nochwepheshe we-electron microscopy u-Alessandro Genovese, ithimba lithole izithombe ze-transmission electron microscopy (TEM) zezingxenye eziphambene ze-NGF ku-nickel. “Ukubuka ukuxhumana phakathi kwamafilimu e-graphite ne-nickel foil kuyinto engakaze ibonwe futhi kuzohlinzeka ngemininingwane eyengeziwe ngendlela yokukhula kwala mafilimu,” kusho uCosta.
Ubukhulu be-NGF buwela phakathi kwamafilimu e-graphite obukhulu obungama-micron atholakala kwezentengiselwano kanye ne-graphene enongqimba olulodwa. “I-NGF igcwalisa amashidi e-graphene kanye ne-graphite yezimboni, okwengeza eqoqweni lamafilimu e-carbon anezingqimba,” kusho uCosta. Isibonelo, ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, i-NGF ingasetshenziswa ekuphathweni kokushisa kumafoni aphathekayo aguquguqukayo aseqala ukuvela emakethe. “Uma kuqhathaniswa namafilimu e-graphene, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-NGF kuzoba kushibhile futhi kuzinze kakhulu,” enezela.
Kodwa-ke, i-NGF inezindlela eziningi zokusebenzisa ngale kokushabalalisa ukushisa. Isici esithakazelisayo esiqokonyiswe ezithombeni ze-TEM ukuthi ezinye izingxenye ze-NGF ziyizingqimba ezimbalwa nje zobukhulu bekhabhoni. “Okuphawulekayo ukuthi ukuba khona kwezingqimba eziningi zezizinda ze-graphene kuqinisekisa izinga elanele lokukhanya okubonakalayo kulo lonke ifilimu,” kusho uDeoka. Ithimba locwaningo lacabanga ukuthi i-NGF eqhubayo, ekhanyayo ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye yamaseli elanga noma njengento yokuzwa yokuthola igesi ye-nitrogen dioxide. “Sihlela ukuhlanganisa i-NGF kumadivayisi ukuze isebenze njengento esebenzayo enemisebenzi eminingi,” kusho uCosta.
Ulwazi olwengeziwe: Gitanjali Deokar et al., Ukukhula okusheshayo kwamafilimu e-graphite obukhulu be-nanometer ku-wafer-scale nickel foil kanye nokuhlaziywa kwawo kwesakhiwo, Nanotechnology (2020). I-DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aba712
Uma uhlangabezana nokubhala iphutha, ukungalungi, noma ungathanda ukuhambisa isicelo sokuhlela okuqukethwe kuleli khasi, sicela usebenzise leli fomu. Ngemibuzo ejwayelekile, sicela usebenzise ifomu lethu lokuxhumana. Ukuze uthole impendulo ejwayelekile, sebenzisa isigaba sokuphawula komphakathi esingezansi (landela imiyalelo).
Umbono wakho ubalulekile kithi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobuningi bemiyalezo, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa impendulo yomuntu siqu.
Ikheli lakho le-imeyili lisetshenziselwa kuphela ukutshela abamukeli ukuthi ngubani othumele i-imeyili. Ikheli lakho noma ikheli lomamukeli ngeke lisetshenziswe nganoma iyiphi enye injongo. Ulwazi olufakayo luzovela ku-imeyili yakho futhi ngeke lugcinwe yi-Phys.org nganoma yiluphi uhlobo.
Thola izibuyekezo zamasonto onke kanye/noma zansuku zonke ebhokisini lakho lokungenayo. Ungazikhipha ohlwini nganoma yisiphi isikhathi futhi ngeke sabelane ngemininingwane yakho nabantu besithathu.
Senza okuqukethwe kwethu kufinyeleleke kuwo wonke umuntu. Cabanga ngokusekela umgomo weSayensi X nge-akhawunti ye-premium.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-05-2024