Indlela yokusebenza ye-cocidation yindlela yesiqhelo yokulungiselela igrafu eyandisiweyo. Kule ndlela, igrafu yendalo ixutywe ne-ofisi ye-oxidant efanelekileyo kunye ne-UNarganating, ilawulwa kwiqondo lokushisa elithile, lisonke, kwaye lihlanjwe, laza lahlanjwa lifumane igrafu eyandisiweyo. Indlela yokusebenza ye-cocidation iba yindlela eqolileyo yekhemikhali kwimizi-mveliso kunye nezibonelelo zezixhobo ezilula, zokusebenza kakuhle kunye neendleko eziphantsi.
Inkqubo yenkqubo ye-oxidation yekhemikhali ibandakanya i-oxidotion kunye ne-axidation oxidation.
Zininzi iintlobo ze-oxidants, zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi i-oxidants i-oxidassium eqinileyo (njenge-potassium isisiseko, i-potassium disdar, i-chromium ye-chdrogen ye-Hodrorate, efana ne-HydroGide, i-hitric acid, njl. Njl.). Ifunyanwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje e-potassium isisiseko esisigxina yi-oxidant ye-oxidant esetyenziswayo ekulungiseleleni igrafu eyandisiweyo.
Phantsi kwesenzo se-oxidizer, igrafitite i-oxidred kunye ne-firner mecromolecules yegrafu kwigrafu yegramoleuser macromolecules enetyala elifanelekileyo. Ngenxa yefuthe lokungaphindezelwa kwentlawulo efanayo, umgama phakathi kweendawo zegrafu unyuka, obonelela ngesitishi kunye nendawo ye-preyiti yokungena kwi-cograner. Kwinkqubo yokulungiselela igrafu eyandisiweyo, iarhente yokunxibelelana ikakhulu iyi-acid. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abaphandi ikakhulu basebenzisa ikakhulu i-sulfuric acid, i-nitric acid, phosphoric acid, i-perchloric acid, i-acid exubeneyo kunye ne-acec acid ye-acid.
Indlela ye-electrochemical ikwisisombululo esingapheliyo, nesisombululo se-ENGCEOLTE, iPlanethi iPlati, iPlanethi ifakwe kwi-Eitolyte njenge-Mathode, yenza ilog evaliweyo; Okanye igraphite inqunyanyisiwe kwi-electrolyte, kwi-electrolyte kwangaxeshanye ifakwe kwiplate engendawo neyakhayo, kwii-elektroniki zendlela enamandla, i-Anodic Oxidation. Umphezulu wegrafiti unyanzeliswa kwikhaphethi. Kwangelo xesha, phantsi kwesenzo esidityanisiweyo somtsalane kunye nobume boxinzelelo, ii-acid iions okanye ezinye ii-ions ze-acid okanye ezinye ii-ions ze-polar zifakwe phakathi kweefomati zegrafu ukwenza igrafu eyandisiweyo.
Xa kuthelekiswa nendlela ye-oxidation yekhemikhali, indlela ye-electrochemical yokulungiselela igrafu ebonakalayo kuyo yonke inkqubo ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwe-oxidant, isixa se-acid sincitshiswa, kwaye indleko ze-ACID incitshisiwe, kwaye inkonzo yenkonzo igqityiwe. Indlela ye-electrochemical ngokuthe ngcembe iyeyona ndlela ikhethwayo yokulungiselela igrafu eyandisiweyo ngamashishini amaninzi anezibonelelo ezininzi.
Indlela yokwahluka kwesigaba segesi kukuvelisa igrafu eyandisiweyo ngokunxibelelana ne-intergaite kwigrafu yeglasi yeGlasi, kwaye iphinde yenziwa njengeyona ndlela iphambili. -Umshishino.
IZIBONELELO
Izinto ezingalunganga: Isixhobo sokuphendula sinzima kakhulu, utyando lunzima ngakumbi, ke ukukhutshwa kunqongophele, kwaye imeko yokuphendula kufuneka iphezulu, kwaye imeko yokulungisa iphezulu, ayifanelekanga kwizicelo ezikhulu zokuvelisa.
Indlela yesigaba exubeneyo yolwelo kukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo izinto ezifakiweyo ngegrafu, phantsi kokhuseleko lokuhamba kwegesi okanye inkqubo yokutywina ngengxaki yokufudumeza. Iqhelekile isetyenziselwa i-synthesis ye-alkali yensimbi ye-Alkali-grakhi-jikelele (i-gics).
Izibonelelo: Inkqubo yokuphendula ilula, isantya sokuphendula siyakhawuleza, ngokutshintsha umlinganiselo wezinto ezingafunekiyo zegrafu kunye nokufaka kunokufikelela kwigrafu ethile, efanelekileyo ngakumbi kwimveliso ebalulekileyo.
Izinto ezingalunganga: Imveliso eyenziweyo ayizinzanga, kunzima ukujongana nento efakiweyo yasimahla eqhotyoshelwe kumphezulu we-GIC, kwaye kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukungqinelana kwamanzi amdaka kwinani leSynthesis.
Indlela yokunyibilikisa kukudibanisa igrafu ngezinto zokunxibelelana kunye nobushushu ukuze zilungiselele igranti eyandisiweyo yenkqubo (engezantsi kwe-gestikict gic) phakathi kwe-molticing system) ngaxeshanye.egeneneral isetyenziswe kwilungiselelo le-hlolor yensimbi - i-gics.
IZIBONELELO: Imveliso yeSynthesi inozinzo oluhle, kulula ukuhlamba, isixhobo esilula sokuphendula, ubushushu obuphantsi, ubushushu obuphantsi, ixesha elifutshane, elifanelekileyo, elifanelekileyo kwimveliso yamakhulu.
Izinto ezingalunganga: Kunzima ukulawula ubume be-oda kunye nokuqulunqwa kwemveliso kwinkqubo yokuphendula, kwaye kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukungqinelana kwemo yoku-odola kunye nokuqulunqwa kwemveliso ye-Synthesis.
Indlela exineneyo kukudibanisa i-gramelite matrix ene-alkaline ye-alkali inyibiliki yentsimbi kwaye ihlawule umgubo wesinyithi kwaye usabele ukuvelisa i-M-gics phantsi kweemeko ezihlaziyiweyo.
Ukungancedi: Kuphela xa uxinzelelo lwe-vapor lwentsimbi lungaphezulu komda othile, indlela yokufakelwa inokwenziwa; Nangona kunjalo, iqondo lobushushu liphezulu kakhulu, kulula ukusibangela intsimbi kwaye ilandele i-carbides, ke iqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kufuneka lilawulwe kakhulu.
Indlela yokuqhushumba isebenzisa igrafu kunye nearhente yokwanda efana ne-klow (MG ilungisiwe, emva koko yandiswa ngendlela eyandisiweyo ye-carchium, i-physive "ityiwa ityiwa ityiwa. Iarhente yokwandiswa, imveliso inzima kakhulu, engaphumi kuphela igrafu, kodwa nensimbi.
