Igrafiki esemgangathweni ephezulu inamandla amakhulu, uzinzo lobushushu, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kunye nokuqhutywa kombane okuphezulu kunye nokuzibandakanya kombane, kokwenza kweyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo zefonti ezisetyenziswa njengeebhetri kwiifowuni. Umzekelo, uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwegraphite, e-odody ye-piyrolytic ye-piyrolytic (i-hopg), yenye yezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwilebhu. Isixhobo. Ezi mpawu zibalaseleyo zibangelwa kukumekiswa kwegrafu, apho kukho imingxunya eqinileyo phakathi kwee-atom zekhabhoni zinegalelo kwiipropathi ezinobume be-graphene zinegalelo kwiipropathi ezigqwesileyo, ukwenzeka kombane kunye nombane, ngelixa kunxibelelana kakhulu phakathi kwabasebenzi bediphene. Intshukumo iphumela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokuguquguquka. igrafu. Nangona igrafu ifunyenwe kwindalo iminyaka engaphezu kwe-1000 kwaye i-synthes yayo yokufakelwa iye yafundwa ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-100, umgangatho weesampulu zegrafu, zombini zendalo kunye nokuziqesha, zikude kakhulu. Umzekelo, ubungakanani bendawo enkulu ye-crystal ye-cystal kwizinto zegrafu yinto engaphantsi kwe-1 mm, ekwahlukene kwi-crystals ezininzi ezifana ne-crystals ezimbini ze-rictals. Ubungakanani bunokufikelela kwinqanaba lemitha. Ubuncinci be-crystal ye-crystal ye-crystal kungenxa yokunxibelelana buthathaka phakathi kweendlela zegrafu, kwaye iflethi yomzobo enesidima kunzima ukuyigcina ngexesha lokukhula, igrafu iphulwe ngokulula kwimida ye-rystal eyodwa yokutya. . Ukusombulula le ngxaki iphambili, unjingalwazi we-Emerigitus weZiko leSayensi neTekhnoloji (i-Unist) kunye nenkonzo yakhe yePro. Liu Kaihui, kwaye abanye baceba isicwangciso sokuhleba i-rytals emdaka. ifilimu, ezantsi ukuya kwinqanaba le-intshi. Indlela yabo isebenzisa i-iNckel ye-ickel enye ye-cerstal enye njengeeathoms, kunye neeathom zekhabhoni zivela ngasemva kwe-nickel foil ngenkqubo yokutolikwa ". Endaweni yokusebenzisa umthombo wekhadibhodi, bakhetha i-carbon eqinileyo yokuqhuba ukukhula kwegrafu. Esi sicwangciso sitsha senza ukuba sikwazi ukuvelisa iifilimu ze-crystal enye ngobukhulu be-1 i-intshi kunye nee-microns, okanye zingaphezulu kwe-100,000 yeediphema ngeentsuku ezimbalwa. Xa kuthelekiswa nazo zonke iisampulu zegrafu ezikhoyo, igrafu ye-crystal enye inomgangatho we-~ 2880 W M-1K-1, umxholo ongabalulekanga wokungcola, kunye nomgama omncinci phakathi kwezinto. . . .
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UNv-09-2022