Umonakalo wemitha yegrafiti powder unefuthe elibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kobugcisa noqoqosho kwereactor, ingakumbi i-reactor epholisiweyo yigesi eshushu kakhulu ebhedini yepebble. Indlela yokumodareyitha ye-neutron kukusasazwa kwe-neutron kunye neeathom zezinto ezilawulayo, kwaye amandla athwalwa zizo adluliselwa kwiiathom zezinto ezilawulayo. I-Graphite powder ikwangumviwa othembisayo wezinto ezijolise kwiplasma kwiireactor ze-nuclear fusion. Abahleli abalandelayo abavela kwiFu Ruite bazisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-graphite powder kwiimvavanyo zenyukliya:
Njengoko i-neutron fluence isanda, i-graphite powder iyaqala inciphe, kwaye emva kokufikelela kwixabiso elincinci, i-shrinkage iyancipha, ibuyele kubukhulu bayo bokuqala, ize ikhule ngokukhawuleza. Ukuze kusetyenziswe ngempumelelo ii-neutrons ezikhutshwa yi-fission, kufuneka zincitshiswe. Iimpawu zobushushu ze-graphite powder zifunyanwa ngovavanyo lwe-irradiation, kwaye iimeko zovavanyo lwe-irradiation kufuneka zifane neemeko zokusebenza ze-reactor. Elinye inyathelo lokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwee-neutrons kukusebenzisa izinto ezibonisa ukukhanya ukubonisa ii-neutrons eziphuma kwi-nuclear fission reaction zone-core back. Indlela yokubonakalisa i-neutron ikwayi-elastic scattering yee-neutrons kunye nee-athomu zezinto ezibonisa ukukhanya. Ukuze kulawulwe ukulahleka okubangelwa kukungcola ukuya kwinqanaba elivumelekileyo, i-graphite powder esetyenziswa kwi-reactor kufuneka ibe yi-nuclear pure.
I-nuclear graphite powder yisetyana lezinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-graphite powder ezaphuhliswayo ngenxa yeemfuno zokwakha ii-nuclear fission reactors ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1940. Isetyenziswa njenge-moderator, reflection kunye nezinto zokwakha kwi-production reactors, ii-gas-cooled reactors kunye nee-gas-cooled reactors ezisebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu. Amathuba okuba i-neutron isabela kwi-nucleus abizwa ngokuba yi-cross section, kwaye i-thermal neutron (avareji yamandla angama-0.025eV) fission cross section ye-U-235 iphezulu ngamabakala amabini kune-fission neutron (avareji yamandla angama-2eV) fission cross section. I-elastic modulus, amandla kunye ne-linear expansion coefficient ye-graphite powder iyanda ngokunyuka kwe-neutron fluence, ifikelela kwixabiso elikhulu, ize inciphe ngokukhawuleza. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1940, i-graphite powder kuphela eyayifumaneka ngexabiso elifikelelekayo elikufutshane nolu bumsulwa, yiyo loo nto yonke i-reactor kunye nee-reactors zemveliso ezilandelayo zazisebenzisa i-graphite powder njengezinto ezilawulayo, ziqala ixesha le-nuclear.
Eyona nto iphambili ekwenzeni i-isotropic graphite powder kukusebenzisa amasuntswana e-coke ane-isotropy elungileyo: i-isotropic coke okanye i-macro-isotropic secondary coke eyenziwe nge-anisotropic coke, kwaye iteknoloji ye-secondary coke isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngoku. Ubungakanani bomonakalo we-radiation bunxulumene nezinto eziluhlaza ze-graphite powder, inkqubo yokuvelisa, i-neutron fluence ekhawulezayo kunye ne-fluence rate, ubushushu be-irradiation kunye nezinye izinto. I-boron equivalent ye-nuclear graphite powder kufuneka ibe malunga ne-10~6.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-18-2022