Graphite yakawedzerwa, inozivikanwawo se vermicular graphite, imusanganiswa we crystalline unoshandisa nzira dzepanyama kana dzemakemikari kubatanidza non-carbon reactants kuita nanocarbon materials dzakagadzirwa ne graphite uye kubatanidza ne carbon hexagonal network planes uku uchichengetedza chimiro cheGraphite layer. Haingochengetedzi chete hunhu hwakanaka hwe physical uye chemicals hwe graphite, senge high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, neutron flux, X-ray uye gamma-ray long-term irradiation. Inewo hunhu hwakanaka hwe physical uye chemical, senge low friction coefficient, good self-lubrication, electrical and thermal conductivity, uye anisotropy. Uyezve, nekuda kwekudyidzana pakati pe intercalated material ne graphite layer, expanded graphite inoratidza hunhu hutsva uhwo pristine graphite nezvinhu zvakasanganiswa zvisina, uye inokunda brittleness uye impact resistance ye natural graphite. Vanyori veFuruite graphite vanotevera vanogovana sumo ye industrial synthesis methods uye mashandisirwo e expanded graphite:
1. Nzira dzekugadzira dzinowanzo shandiswa muindasitiri
①Kuoxidation kwemakemikari
Zvakanakira: Kucheneswa kwemakemikari inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye yagara iripo mumaindasitiri. Saka, ine zvakanakira zviri pachena, tekinoroji yekare uye mutengo wakaderera.
Dambudziko: Chinhu chinosanganisa zvinhu chinowanzova sulfuric acid yakawanda, iyo inodya acid yakawanda. Pane kusvibiswa kwegasi rinokuvadza reSox mukugadzirwa, uye zvasara zviri muchigadzirwa zvinoparadzawo michina yekugadzira.
②Kuoresa kwemagetsi
Kufanana nekuoxidation yemakemikari, ndeimwe yenzira dzakajairika dzekugadzira graphite yakawedzerwa.
Zvakanakira: Hapana chikonzero chekuwedzera maoxydants akasimba, akadai semaacids akasimba, uye reaction inogona kudzorwa nekugadzirisa ma parameter akadai se current ne voltage. Midziyo yekugadzira iri nyore, huwandu hwekugadzira hwakawanda, electrolyte haina kusvibiswa, uye inogona kushandiswazve.
Zvakashata: Kugadzikana kwechigadzirwa chakagadzirwa kwakashata kupfuura dzimwe nzira, izvo zvinoda michina yepamusoro, uye pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa. Dzimwe nguva, huwandu hwakawedzerwa hwechigadzirwa hunodzikira zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekupisa kwekunze. Pamusoro pezvo, kune mhedzisiro pamagetsi akakwira mumvura ine mvura, saka zvakaoma kuwana macompounds ekutanga.
2. Makambani makuru ekugadzira uye kugona kwekugadzira
Kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvegrafiti zvakawedzera munyika yangu kwakura kubva padanho rekutanga kusvika kune vagadziri vanopfuura zana, nekugadzirwa kwegore negore kweanenge matani zviuru makumi matatu, uye huwandu hwemusika hwakaderera. Uyewo, vagadziri vazhinji vanonyanya kushandisa zvisimbiso zvemhando yepamusoro, zvisingawanzo shandiswa muzvisimbiso zvemotokari nemwenje yendege yenyukireya. Zvisinei, nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yemuno, huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvepamusoro huchawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.
3. Kudiwa kwemusika uye kufanotaura kwezvinhu zvekuvhara
Parizvino, grafiti yakawedzerwa inonyanya kushandiswa sezvinhu zvekuvhara mota, zvakaita semagasket ecylinder, magasket ekupinda nekubuda kwemhepo, nezvimwewo. Zvinhu zvekuvhara grafiti yakawedzerwa munyika yangu zvinonyanya kushandiswa sezvivhariso zvekuvhara. Parizvino, grafiti yakawedzerwa ine kabhoni shoma yakagadzirwa, izvo zvinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mutengo wekugadzira grafiti yakawedzerwa, nokudaro zvichitsiva asbestos zvakanyanya uye kuwedzera kudiwa. Kune rumwe rutivi, kana zvinhu zvekuvhara mapurasitiki, rabha nesimbi zvichigona kutsiviwa zvishoma, kudiwa kwegore negore kwezvinhu zvekuvhara grafiti zvinowedzerwa kuchave kukuru.
Muindasitiri yemotokari, gasket yega yega yemotokari ine silinda yemusoro, inopinda mweya uye inoburitsa exhaust inoda 2 ~ 10kg yegrafiti yakawedzerwa, uye mota dzese 10,000 dzinoda matani 20 ~ 100 egrafiti yakawedzerwa. Indasitiri yemotokari yeChina yapinda munguva yekukura nekukurumidza. Saka, kudiwa kwegore negore kwezvinhu zvekusimbisa grafiti yakawedzerwa kuchiri kwakanyatsojeka.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-07-2022