Graphite y'urubura ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda, ikomoka ku miterere yayo myiza. Uyu munsi, Furuite Graphite Xiaobian irakubwira impamvu z'imiterere myiza ya graphite y'urubura uhereye ku bice by'imiterere y'umuryango n'amakristale avanze:
Ubwa mbere, imiterere myiza y'ibintu bya karuboni bigizegrafiti y'udupira.
1. Imiterere ya shimi ya karuboni isanzwe irahindagurika mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba, kandi ntishongera mu mazi, igabanya aside, igabanya alkali n'ibinyabutabire;
2, gukorana na ogisijeni ku bushyuhe bwinshi butandukanye kugira ngo bikore dioxyde de carbone cyangwa monoxide de carbone; Muri halogen, fluorine yonyine ni yo ishobora gukorana na karubone y'ibanze;
3. Iyo bishyushye, karuboni y’ibanze ihita ihinduka ikoresheje aside;
4. Iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru, karuboni ishobora no gukorana n'ibyuma byinshi kugira ngo ikore karubide z'ibyuma;
5. Karuboniigabanuka kandi ishobora gukoreshwa mu gushongesha ibyuma ku bushyuhe bwinshi.
Icya kabiri, imiterere y'amakristaro avanze agizwe na grafiti y'udusimba.
1. Muri kristu ya grafiti, atome za karuboni ziri mu cyiciro kimwe zivangavanga na sp2 kugira ngo zikore imigozi ya covalent, kandi buri atome ya karuboni ihuzwa n'izindi atome eshatu hakoreshejwe imigozi itatu ya covalent. Atome esheshatu za karuboni zikora impeta ya hexagonal ku murongo umwe, zigakwirakwira mu buryo bw'icyiciro, aho uburebure bw'imigozi ya CC ari saa sita n'iminota makumyabiri n'ibiri z'umugoroba, ikaba iri mu rwego rw'uburebure bw'imigozi ya kristu ya atomiki, bityo ku gice kimwe, ni kristu ya atomiki.
2. Uduce twa kristu za grafiti dutandukanywa na 340pm, ari intera nini, kandi duhuzwa n'imbaraga za van der Waals, ni ukuvuga ko utwo duce tuba turi mu duce twa molekile. Ariko, bitewe n'isano rikomeye riri hagati ya atome za karuboni mu gice kimwe cy'urwego, biragoye cyane gusenya, bityo aho gushonga kwagrafitinabyo biri hejuru kandi imiterere yabyo ya shimi irahamye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 20 Mata-2023