Graphite nziza cyane ifite imbaraga nziza za mekanike, ihamye mu bushyuhe, ihindagurika cyane kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe n'amashanyarazi buri hejuru cyane, bigatuma iba imwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi cyane mu bikorwa byinshi nko gukoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi nk'amabati muri terefone. Urugero, ubwoko bwihariye bwa graphite, graphite ya pyrolytic (HOPG), ni imwe mu zikoreshwa cyane muri laboratwari. Ibikoresho. Iyi miterere myiza iterwa n'imiterere ya graphite, aho imigozi ikomeye hagati ya atome za karuboni mu byiciro bya graphene igira uruhare mu miterere myiza ya mekanike, imikorere y'ubushyuhe n'amashanyarazi, mu gihe imikoranire mike cyane hagati y'ibice bya graphene. Igikorwa gituma habaho ubushobozi bwo gutwara graphite. Nubwo graphite imaze imyaka irenga 1000 ivumburwa mu bidukikije kandi imikorere yayo y'ubukorano imaze imyaka irenga 100 yigwa, ubwiza bw'ingero za graphite, zaba iz'umwimerere cyangwa iz'ubukorano, ntabwo ari nziza cyane. Urugero, ingano y'ahantu hanini cyane ha graphite imwe mu bikoresho bya graphite akenshi iba munsi ya mm 1, bitandukanye cyane n'ingano ya kristu nyinshi nka kristu imwe ya quartz na kristu imwe ya silicon. Ingano ishobora kugera ku gipimo cya metero. Ingano nto cyane ya grafiti imwe iterwa n'imikoranire idakomeye hagati y'ibice bya grafiti, kandi ubugari bw'urukuta rwa grafiti bugoye kubungabunga mu gihe cyo gukura, bityo grafiti igabanywamo byoroshye imipaka myinshi ya grafiti imwe mu buryo butunguranye. . Kugira ngo bakemure iki kibazo cy'ingenzi, Porofeseri Emeritus wo mu Kigo cy'Igihugu cy'Ubumenyi n'Ikoranabuhanga cya Ulsan (UNIST) hamwe n'abo bafatanyije Porofeseri Liu Kaihui, Porofeseri Wang Enge wo muri Kaminuza ya Peking, n'abandi batanze ingamba zo gukora filime ntoya ya grafiti imwe, kugeza kuri santimetero. Uburyo bwabo bukoresha firime ya nikeli imwe nk'ishingiro, maze atome za karuboni zigaburirwa inyuma ya firime ya nikeli binyuze mu "gusesagura no gukwirakwiza no gushyiramo ikirere". Aho gukoresha isoko y'ikarito ifite umwuka, bahisemo ibikoresho bikomeye bya karuboni kugira ngo byorohereze gukura kwa grafiti. Iyi ngamba nshya ituma bishoboka gukora filime za grafiti imwe ifite ubugari bwa santimetero 1 na mikoroni 35, cyangwa urwego rwa grafiti zirenga 100.000 mu minsi mike. Ugereranyije n'ingero zose za grafiti zihari, grafiti imwe ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwa ~2880 W m-1K-1, umwanda muto cyane, kandi intera ntoya hagati y'urwego. (1) Gukora neza filime za nikeli imwe ifite ubunini bunini nk'ibintu bito cyane birinda guhindagurika kwa grafiti ya sintetike; (2) Urwego 100.000 rwa grafiti ruhingwa mu buryo butari ubwo mu masaha 100, ku buryo buri rwego rwa grafiti rukorwa mu kirere kimwe n'ubushyuhe, ibyo bigatuma grafiti iba nziza; (3) Gukomeza gutanga karuboni binyuze mu gice cy'inyuma cya nikeli bituma urwego rwa grafiti rukomeza gukura ku muvuduko wo hejuru cyane, hafi urwego rumwe buri masegonda atanu,”
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-09-2022