Hanyar hada sinadarai ta hanyar hada sinadarai hanya ce ta gargajiya don shirya graphite mai faɗaɗawa. A cikin wannan hanyar, ana haɗa flake graphite na halitta da mai hana iska da kuma mai haɗa sinadarai, ana sarrafa shi a wani zafin jiki, ana juyawa akai-akai, sannan a wanke, a tace sannan a busar da shi don samun graphite mai faɗaɗawa. Hanyar hada sinadarai ta hanyar hada sinadarai ta zama hanya mai kyau a masana'antu tare da fa'idodin kayan aiki masu sauƙi, sauƙin aiki da ƙarancin farashi.
Matakan tsari na iskar shaka ta sinadarai sun haɗa da iskar shaka da kuma haɗakar iska. Iskar shaka ta graphite ita ce yanayin asali na samuwar graphite mai faɗaɗawa, domin ko amsawar iskar shaka ta iya ci gaba cikin sauƙi ya dogara da matakin buɗewa tsakanin layukan graphite. Kuma graphite na halitta a zafin ɗaki yana da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali da juriyar acid da alkali, don haka ba ya amsawa da acid da alkali, saboda haka, ƙara iskar shaka ta zama muhimmin sashi a cikin iskar shaka ta sinadarai.
Akwai nau'ikan oxidants da yawa, oxidants da ake amfani da su galibi sune oxidants masu ƙarfi (kamar potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, chromium trioxide, potassium chlorate, da sauransu), kuma suna iya zama wasu oxidants masu hana oxidants (kamar hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, da sauransu). A cikin 'yan shekarun nan an gano cewa potassium permanganate shine babban oxidant da ake amfani da shi wajen shirya graphite mai faɗaɗawa.
A ƙarƙashin aikin oxidizer, ana haɗa graphite kuma macromolecules na cibiyar sadarwa masu tsaka-tsaki a cikin layin graphite sun zama macromolecules na planar tare da caji mai kyau. Saboda tasirin ƙyama na irin wannan caji mai kyau, nisan da ke tsakanin layukan graphite yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke samar da hanyar sadarwa da sarari don intercalator ya shiga layin graphite cikin sauƙi. A cikin tsarin shirya graphite mai faɗaɗawa, wakilin intercalation shine galibi acid. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masu bincike galibi suna amfani da sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, gauraye acid da glacial acetic acid.
Hanyar lantarki tana cikin kwararar lantarki mai ɗorewa, tare da ruwan da aka saka a ciki kamar yadda electrolyte, graphite da kayan ƙarfe (abin ƙarfe mara ƙarfe, farantin platinum, farantin gubar, farantin titanium, da sauransu) suka ƙunshi anode mai haɗaka, kayan ƙarfe da aka saka a cikin electrolyte a matsayin cathode, suna samar da madauki mai rufewa; Ko kuma graphite da aka dakatar a cikin electrolyte, a cikin electrolyte a lokaci guda da aka saka a cikin farantin mara kyau da mai kyau, ta hanyar electrodes guda biyu ana amfani da hanyar kuzari, oxidation na anodic. Ana haɗa saman graphite zuwa carbonation. A lokaci guda, a ƙarƙashin haɗin aikin jan hankalin electrostatic da bambancin taro, ions na acid ko wasu ions masu haɗin gwiwa na polar an saka su tsakanin layukan graphite don samar da graphite mai faɗaɗawa.
Idan aka kwatanta da hanyar hada sinadarai, hanyar electrochemical don shirya graphite mai faɗaɗawa a cikin dukkan tsari ba tare da amfani da oxidant ba, adadin magani yana da yawa, ragowar abubuwan da suka lalace ƙanana ne, ana iya sake amfani da electrolyte bayan amsawar, ana rage adadin acid, ana adana farashi, gurɓatar muhalli tana raguwa, lalacewar kayan aiki tana da ƙasa, kuma ana tsawaita rayuwar sabis. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, hanyar electrochemical ta zama hanyar da aka fi so don shirya graphite mai faɗaɗawa ta kamfanoni da yawa tare da fa'idodi da yawa.
Hanyar yaduwar iskar gas ita ce samar da graphite mai faɗaɗawa ta hanyar tuntuɓar mai haɗakar iskar gas da graphite a cikin siffar iskar gas da kuma haɗakar iskar gas. Gabaɗaya, ana sanya graphite da abin da aka saka a ƙarshen duka na'urar haɗakar gilashi mai jure zafi, kuma ana hura injin ɗin kuma ana rufe shi, don haka ana kuma san shi da hanyar ɗakuna biyu. Wannan hanyar galibi ana amfani da ita don haɗa halide -EG da alkali metal -EG a cikin masana'antu.
Ribobi: tsarin da tsarin reactor za a iya sarrafa su, kuma ana iya raba masu amsawa da samfuran cikin sauƙi.
Rashin amfani: na'urar amsawa ta fi rikitarwa, aikin yana da wahala, don haka fitarwa tana da iyaka, kuma amsawar da za a yi a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai yawa, lokacin ya fi tsayi, kuma yanayin amsawa yana da yawa sosai, yanayin shiri dole ne ya kasance mai tsabta, don haka farashin samarwa yana da yawa, bai dace da aikace-aikacen samarwa na manyan sikelin ba.
Hanyar da aka haɗa da ruwa mai gauraya ita ce a haɗa kayan da aka saka kai tsaye da graphite, ƙarƙashin kariyar motsi na iskar gas mara aiki ko tsarin rufewa don dumama amsawa don shirya graphite mai faɗaɗawa. Ana amfani da shi akai-akai don haɗa mahaɗan interlaminar na alkali metal-graphite (GICs).
Ribobi: Tsarin amsawar abu ne mai sauƙi, saurin amsawar abu ne mai sauri, ta hanyar canza rabon kayan albarkatun graphite da abubuwan da aka saka a ciki na iya isa ga wani tsari da abun da ke ciki na graphite mai faɗaɗawa, wanda ya fi dacewa da samar da taro.
Rashin amfani: Samfurin da aka samar ba shi da ƙarfi, yana da wuya a magance abin da aka saka kyauta wanda aka haɗa a saman GICs, kuma yana da wuya a tabbatar da daidaiton mahaɗan graphite interlamellar lokacin da aka sami adadi mai yawa na haɗin.
Hanyar narkewa ita ce a haɗa graphite da kayan da ke haɗa abubuwa da zafi don shirya graphite mai faɗaɗawa. Dangane da gaskiyar cewa abubuwan eutectic na iya rage wurin narkewar tsarin (a ƙasa da wurin narkewar kowane sashi), hanya ce ta shirya GICs na ternary ko multicomponent ta hanyar saka abubuwa biyu ko fiye (waɗanda dole ne su iya samar da tsarin gishirin narke) tsakanin layukan graphite a lokaci guda. Ana amfani da shi gabaɗaya wajen shirya ƙarfe chlorides - GICs.
Ribobi: Samfurin hadawa yana da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali, sauƙin wankewa, na'urar amsawa mai sauƙi, ƙarancin zafin amsawa, ɗan gajeren lokaci, ya dace da samar da kayayyaki masu yawa.
Rashin Amfani: yana da wuya a sarrafa tsarin tsari da abun da ke cikin samfurin a cikin tsarin amsawa, kuma yana da wuya a tabbatar da daidaiton tsarin tsari da abun da ke cikin samfurin a cikin hadadden taro.
Hanyar da aka matsa ita ce a haɗa matrix na graphite da ƙarfen ƙasa na alkaline da foda na ƙarfe mai wuya sannan a mayar da martani ga samar da M-GICS a ƙarƙashin yanayin matsin lamba.
Rashin Amfani: Sai lokacin da matsin lamba na ƙarfe ya wuce wani takamaiman iyaka, za a iya aiwatar da amsawar shigarwa; Duk da haka, zafin jiki ya yi yawa, yana da sauƙin sa ƙarfe da graphite su samar da carbide, amsawar mara kyau, don haka dole ne a daidaita zafin amsawar a cikin wani takamaiman iyaka. Zafin shigar da ƙarfe na ƙasa mai wuya yana da yawa sosai, don haka dole ne a yi amfani da matsin lamba don rage zafin amsawar. Wannan hanyar ta dace da shirya ƙarfe-GICS tare da ƙarancin narkewar wuri, amma na'urar tana da rikitarwa kuma buƙatun aiki suna da tsauri, don haka ba kasafai ake amfani da ita ba yanzu.
Hanyar fashewa gabaɗaya tana amfani da graphite da wakilin faɗaɗawa kamar KClO4, Mg(ClO4)2·nH2O, Zn(NO3)2·nH2O pyropyros ko gaurayawan da aka shirya, lokacin da aka dumama shi, graphite zai yi oxidation da haɗin haɗin cambium, wanda daga nan aka faɗaɗa shi ta hanyar "fashewa", don haka ana faɗaɗa graphite. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da gishirin ƙarfe azaman wakilin faɗaɗawa, samfurin ya fi rikitarwa, wanda ba wai kawai yana da graphite faɗaɗa ba, har ma da ƙarfe.
