Graphite mai inganci yana da ƙarfin injiniya mai kyau, kwanciyar hankali na zafi, sassauci mai yawa da kuma yawan zafin jiki da wutar lantarki a cikin jirgin sama, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mahimman kayan aiki na zamani don aikace-aikace da yawa kamar masu sarrafa hasken rana na photothermal da ake amfani da su azaman batura a cikin wayoyi. Misali, wani nau'in graphite na musamman, mai tsari sosai na pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan amfani da shi a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje. Kayan aiki. Waɗannan kyawawan halaye sun faru ne saboda tsarin graphite mai layi, inda haɗin covalent mai ƙarfi tsakanin ƙwayoyin carbon a cikin yadudduka na graphene ke ba da gudummawa ga kyawawan halayen injiniya, ƙarfin zafi da wutar lantarki, yayin da ƙarancin hulɗa tsakanin layukan graphene. Aikin yana haifar da babban sassauci. graphite. Kodayake an gano graphite a cikin yanayi sama da shekaru 1000 kuma an yi nazarin haɗinsa na wucin gadi sama da shekaru 100, ingancin samfuran graphite, na halitta da na roba, bai dace ba. Misali, girman manyan yankunan graphite guda ɗaya a cikin kayan graphite yawanci ƙasa da 1 mm, wanda ya bambanta da girman lu'ulu'u da yawa kamar lu'ulu'u guda ɗaya na quartz da lu'ulu'u guda ɗaya na silicon. Girman zai iya kaiwa ga ma'aunin mita. Ƙaramin girman graphite mai lu'ulu'u ɗaya ya faru ne saboda raunin hulɗar da ke tsakanin layukan graphite, kuma faɗin layyar graphene yana da wahalar kiyayewa yayin girma, don haka ana iya raba graphite cikin sauƙi zuwa iyakoki da yawa na ƙwayoyin lu'ulu'u ɗaya a cikin matsala. . Domin magance wannan babbar matsala, Farfesa Emeritus na Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Ulsan (UNIST) da abokan aikinsa Farfesa Liu Kaihui, Farfesa Wang Enge na Jami'ar Peking, da sauransu sun gabatar da dabarar haɗa siraran lu'ulu'u ɗaya mai siffar graphite, har zuwa sikelin inci. Hanyarsu tana amfani da foil nickel guda ɗaya a matsayin substrate, kuma ana ciyar da ƙwayoyin carbon daga bayan foil nickel ta hanyar "tsarin narkewar isothermal-warware-deposition". Maimakon amfani da tushen kwali mai iskar gas, sun zaɓi kayan carbon mai ƙarfi don sauƙaƙe haɓakar graphite. Wannan sabuwar dabarar ta ba da damar samar da fina-finan graphite guda ɗaya masu kauri kusan inci 1 da microns 35, ko kuma fiye da layukan graphene 100,000 a cikin 'yan kwanaki. Idan aka kwatanta da duk samfuran graphite da ake da su, graphite guda ɗaya yana da ƙarfin watsa wutar lantarki na ~2880 W m-1K-1, ƙaramin abun ciki na ƙazanta, da kuma mafi ƙarancin tazara tsakanin layuka. (1) Nasarar haɗa fina-finan nickel guda ɗaya masu girma a matsayin substrates masu faɗi sosai yana hana ɓarnar graphite na roba; (2) Ana shuka layukan graphene guda 100,000 a cikin kusan awanni 100, don haka kowace Layer na graphene an haɗa ta a cikin yanayi da zafin jiki iri ɗaya, wanda ke tabbatar da ingancin graphite iri ɗaya; (3) Ci gaba da samar da carbon ta gefen baya na foil ɗin nickel yana ba da damar layukan graphene su ci gaba da girma a cikin babban sauri, kusan layi ɗaya a kowane daƙiƙa biyar.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-09-2022